Optimiranje postupka dezinfekcije pitke vode u opskrbnom sustavu

master's thesis

• Title (english): Optimization of water disinfection treatment in water-supply network
• Author: Viktorija Prevarić
• Mentor: Šime Ukić (mentor)
• Committee member: Šime Ukić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lidija Furač (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Matija Cvetnić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-06-17, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Chemistry

Abstract

Kako bi voda za piće bila odgovarajuće kvalitete, te zdravstvene ispravnosti, potrebno ju je obraditi u postrojenjima za obradu vode. Kao završni korak obrade slijedi dezinfekcija vode, čiji je primarni cilj uklanjanje patogenih mikroorganizama. U ovom su radu ispitivana tri tipa vode: bunarska, površinska te krška površinska voda. Uzorci su realni, uzimani u postrojenjima na području Republike Hrvatske, no detaljnije podatke o području uzorkovanja i o samim postrojenjima za obradu vode nije moguće otkriti zbog poslovne tajne. Osnovne fizikalno-kemijske karakteristike određene su za svaki uzorak vode. Dezinfekcija vode provodila se upotrebom natrijevog hipoklorita (NaOCl), te je promatrana kinetika potrošnje slobodnog klora. Tijekom 120 minuta spektrofotometrijski je praćena je rezidualna koncentracija (ostatak) slobodnog klora. Cilj mjerenja bio je optimirati doziranje natrijevog hipoklorita kako bi završna koncentracija rezidualnog slobodnog klora nakon 120 minuta ostala unutar zakonom propisanih granica (≤0,5 ppm). Praćena je i promjena koncentracije klorita (ClO2-) i klorata (ClO3-) kao nusprodukata dezinfekcije vode natrijevim hipokloritom. Provedenim ispitivanjima određene su sljedeće optimalne koncentracije natrijevog hipoklorita: 1,5 ppm za bunarsku, 1,0 ppm za površinsku, te 0,5 ppm za kršku površinsku vodu. Nadalje, NaOCl se pokazao kao dobar dezinficijens budući da nusprodukti kloriti nisu utvrđeni niti u jednom uzorku navedenih voda, a klorati su prisutni unutar zakonskih granica u svim vodama. Dezinfekcija vode za piće je izrazito važna zbog kontroliranja i suzbijanja bolesti koje se mogu prenijeti vodom. Potrebno je dalje istraživati i razvijati procese za obradu i dezinfekciju pitke vode kako bi oni postali što ekonomičniji uz što manji nastanak neželjenih dezinfekcijskih nusprodukata.

Abstract (english)

In order to assure high quality of the used water, especially high medical quality, water must be treated. The final step of water-treatment in related treatment plants is disinfection. The primary goal of disinfection is the elimination of pathogenic microorganisms. In this work, three water types were examined: groundwater, common surface water and karstic surface water. Sampling area was Republic of Croatia, but more precise information about sampling locations is confidential and will remain unrevealed. Basic physical-chemical properties for every water sample were determined. Water disinfection was performed with sodium hypochlorite, and kinetics of free chlorine consumption was monitored. Free chlorine residual was monitored spectrophotometrically during 120 minutes. The intention was to optimize dosage of sodium hypochlorite in order to hold free chlorine residual below regulation limits (≤0.5 ppm). Concentrations of disinfection byproducts: chlorite (ClO2-) and chlorate (ClO3-), were monitored as well. Determined optimal concentrations of sodium hypochlorite were: 1.5 ppm for groundwater, 1.0 ppm for common surface water, and 0.5 ppm for karstic surface water. Furthermore, NaOCl proved to be good disinfection agent since no chlorite byproducts were determined in samples and chlorates were below the regulation limits. Disinfection of drinking water is very important for control and inhibition of waterborne diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to continue with researching and developing of water treatment and disinfection processes in order to make them more efficient and more economical.

• Keywords: pitka voda; dezinfekcija; natrijev hipoklorit
• Keywords (english): drinking water; disinfection; sodium hypochlorite
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:852582
• Study programme: Title: Chemical Engineering - Graduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2022-02-26 23:08:52