Primjena niskotemperaturnih eutektičkih otapala u pročišćavanju FCC benzina

master's thesis

• Title (english): Application of deep eutectic solvents for FCC gasoline purification
• Author: Tea Barbaro
• Mentor: Jasna Prlić Kardum (mentor)
• Committee member: Jasna Prlić Kardum (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Aleksandra Sander (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mirela Leskovac (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-07-09, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Obradom sirove nafte moguće je dobiti različite proizvode visoke vrijednosti. Jedan od takvih proizvoda je i motorni benzin dobiven miješanjem više vrsta frakcija, najvećim dijelom FCC benzinom. FCC benzin je frakcija koja znatno doprinosi količini sumpornih spojeva u motornom gorivu koji utječu na smanjenje kvalitete. Osim sumpornih spojeva, motorno gorivo sadrži puno aromata te dušikovih spojeva, pa su ispušni plinovi nastali izgaranjem goriva bogati štetnim SOx i NOx spojevima, ugljikovim monoksidom te krutim česticama. Da bi se spriječila emisija štetnih tvari i zaštitio okoliš te zdravlje ljudi, potrebno je gorivo pročistiti, odnosno provesti procese desulfurizacije, denitrifikacije i dearomatizacije. Kako su se niskotemperaturna eutektička otapala pokazala kao dobra zamjena štetnih organskih otapala, u radu je ispitana mogućnost pročišćavanja modelnog FCC benzina primjenom niskotemperaturnog eutektičkog otapala pripravljenog iz tetra-n-butilamonij-bromida i mravlje kiseline (TBAB/MK) u postupku šaržne kapljevinske ekstrakcije. Proces ekstrakcije je optimiran kako bi se količine štetnih tvari, tiofena, piridina i toluena, svele na minimum Definirano je optimalno vrijeme trajanja ekstrakcije, solvent odnos te broj okretaja miješala. Također, ispitana je djelotvornost ekstrakcije ključnih komponenti u višestupnjevitoj ekstrakciji te šaržnoj ekstrakciji primjenom regeneriranog otapala TBAB/MK. Rezultati su pokazali kako je optimalno vrijeme trajanja ekstrakcije t=20 min, pogodan solvent odnos S=1,0, dok promjena broja okretaja miješala nije značajno utjecala na djelotvornost ekstrakcije. Zadovoljavajuća djelotvornost ekstrakcije ostvarena je primjenom regeneriranog otapala pa bi se optimalni rezultati mogli očekivati u višestupnjevitoj ekstrakciji s regeneriranim otapalom.

Abstract (english)

By refining crude oil it is possible to obtain various high value products. One such product is gasoline obtained by mixing several types of fractions, mostly FCC gasoline. FCC gasoline is a fraction that significantly contributes to the amount of sulfur compounds in motor fuel causing the reduction of its quality. In addition to sulfur compounds, motor fuel contains a lot of aromatics and nitrogen compounds, which enrich the exhaust gases with harmful SOx and NOx compounds, carbon monoxide and solid particles. In order to prevent the emission of harmful substances and to protect the environment as well as human health, it is necessary to purify the fuel, ie to carry out the processes of desulfurization, denitrification and dearomatization. As deep eutectic solvents have proven to be a good substitute for harmful organic solvents, the possibility of purifying model FCC gasoline using deep eutectic solvent prepared from tetra-n-butylammonium bromide and formic acid in a batch liquid-liquid extraction process has been investigated. The extraction process has been optimized to minimize the amounts of harmful substances, thiophene, pyridine and toluene. The optimal extraction time, solvent ratio and stirring speed have been defined. Moreover, the extraction efficiency of key components has been examined in a multi-stage extraction and in a batch extraction with regenerated solvent TBAB/MK. The results have shown that the optimal extraction time is t=20 min and suitable solvent ratio S=1,0, while the change in stirring speed did not significantly affect the extraction efficiency. Satisfactory extraction efficiency has been accomplished by the use of regenerated solvent, so optimal results could be expected in a multi-stage extraction with regenerated solvent.

• Keywords: denitrifikacija; desulfurizacija; FCC benzin; kapljevinska ekstrakcija; niskotemperaturno eutektičko otapalo
• Keywords (english): denitrification; desulfurisation; FCC gasoline; liquid-liquid extraction; deep eutectic solvent
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:528036
• Study programme: Title: Chemical Engineering - Graduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2022-02-28 14:53:44