Utjecaj matrice na kinetiku fotokatalitičke razgradnje farmaceutika pod simuliranim Sunčevim zračenjem

master's thesis

• Title (english): Matrix influence on the kinetics of photocatalytical pharmaceutical degradation
• Author: Lucija Štajduhar
• Mentor: Marin Kovačić (mentor)
• Committee member: Marin Kovačić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zvonimir Katančić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marijana Kraljić Roković (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-28, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Posljednjih desetljeća pojava mikroonečišćivala u površinskim i otpadnim vodama te u vodovodnoj vodi postaju sve veći problem. Farmaceutska mikroonečišćivala su spojevi prisutni u mikrogramskim ili nanogramskim koncentracijama u vodama. Zbog svoje sve veće uporabe kontinuirano se unose u okoliš što dovodi do štetnih učinaka na ljude i vodene organizme. Konvencionalne metode obrade otpadnih voda pokazale su se nedovoljno učinkovite za njihovo uklanjanje. Heterogena fotokataliza istaknula se je kao učinkovita tehnologija za razgradnju širokog raspona organskih onečišćivala, a istodobno je ekološki i ekonomski prihvatljiv proces. Najčešće korišteni fotokatalizator je TiO2. Njegovom primjenom postiže se visok postotak mineralizacije organskih onečišćivala uslijed otpornosti na koroziju, kemijske stabilnosti te visoke fotokatalitičke aktivnosti u UV području. Anorganski ioni i organske otopljene tvari rasprostranjeni u različitim vodenim matricama mogu u velikoj mjeri utjecati na učinkovitost heterogene fotokatalize. Kloridni, sulfatni, hidrogenkarbonatni, karbonatni, nitratni te fosfatni ioni te huminske tvari spadaju u najčešće sastojke prirodnih voda. Anorganski ioni adsorbiraju se na površinu fotokatalizatora i ponašaju kao „scavangeri“ prema reaktivnim radikalskim vrstama, dok otopljene organske tvari pored toga mogu smanjiti prodiranje zračenja u vodenu otopinu te biti fotosenzibilizatori. Prisutnost anorganske i organske matrice u vodenom okolišu može povećati razgradnju farmaceutika, ali u mnogo više slučajeva inhibira fotokatalitičku razgradnju.

Abstract (english)

Over the last few decades, the occurrence of micropollutants on the surfaces, wastewater and tap water has become an increasing problem. Pharmaceutical micropollutants are compounds commonly present in waters in traces, ranging from a few ng/L to several μg/L. Due to their increasing use, they are continuously entering into the environment, which leads to harmful effects to humans and water organisms. Conventional methods for wastewater treatment have proven insufficiently effective for their removal. Heterogeneous photocatalysis has emerged as a effective technology for degradation wide range of organic pollutants, while at the same time is environmentally and economically acceptable process. TiO2 is the most commonly used photocatalyst. Using TiO2, it is achieved a high percentage of mineralization of organic pollutants due to corrosion resistance, chemical stability and high photocatalytic acitivity in UV region. Inorganic ions and natural organic matter distributed in different water matrix can affect at heterogeneous photocatalysis. Chloride, sulphate, bicarbonate, carbonate, nitrate, phosphate ions and humic substances are the most common components of natural waters. Inorganic ions can adsorb on the surface of the photocatalyst and act as scavangers to reactive radicals species, while dissolved organic matter in addition to that can also attenuation the incident light in aqueous solution and be photosensitizers. The presence of organic and inorganic matrix in water environment can increase the degradation of pharamecuticals, but in many more cases they act as inhibitors of pharmaceuticals degradation.

• Keywords: farmaceutska mikroonečišćivala; fotokataliza; matrica; titanijev dioksid
• Keywords (english): pharmaceutical micropollutants; photocatalysis; matrix; titanium dioxide
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:791891
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Engineering - Graduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2022-04-19 11:42:37