Fizikalno-kemijska i mikrobiološka karakterizacija različitih vrsta tla na području Bosne i Hercegovine

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Physico-chemical and microbiological characterization of different soil types in Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Author: Ivana Bošnjak
• Mentor: Dajana Kučić Grgić (mentor)
• Committee member: Lidija Furač (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Matija Cvetnić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Šime Ukić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-23, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Tlo je rahli površinski sloj Zemljine kore. Sastoji se od minerala, vode, zraka, gline, a nužno sadrži i biološku, organsku komponentu. Čvrstu fazu čine čestice pijeska, fini pijesak, prah, glina i koloidne čestice. Tekuću fazu tla čini uglavnom voda, u kojoj su koloidno raspršene razne anorganske i organske tvari. Tlo sadrži mnogobrojne i raznolike vrste poput bakterija, gljiva, alga, viših biljaka (podzemni korijen), kišne gliste i kukci. U ovom radu prikupljena su tri uzorka tla s različitih lokacija u Bosni i Hercegovini. Prvi uzorak prikupljen je u ruralnom planinskom području, drugi je dio poljoprivrednog područja (polje pšenice), a treći uzorak je prikupljen uz industrijsko postrojenje za proizvodnju željeza. Provedena je fizikalno-kemijska, mikrobiološka i ekotoksikološka karakterizacija navedenih vrsta tla. Fizikalno-kemijska analiza obuhvaćala je određivanje udjela vlage svakog pojedinog tla, vodljivost, koncentracije otopljenoga kisika te pH-vrijednosti. Za pobližu identifikaciju bakterija, provedeni su biokemijski testovi (katalaza i oksidaza test) te KOH test uz bojanje po Gramu i Schaffer-Fultonu. Završni korak identifikacije bakterija obuhvaćao je provedbu API stripa. Plijesni su se identificirale uz pomoć Bergenyevog priručnika te mikroskopskom analizom. Test ekotoksičnosti proveso se primjenom bakterijske kulture Vibrio fischeri.

Abstract (english)

Soil is the loose surface layer of the Earth's crust. It is composed of minerals, water, air, clay, and necessarily contains a biological, organic component. The solid phase consists of sand particles, fine sand, powder, clay and colloidal particles. The liquid phase of the soil consists mainly of water, in which various inorganic and organic substances are colloidally dispersed. Soil contains numerous and diverse species such as bacteria, fungi, algae, higher plants (underground roots), earthworms and insects. In this work, three soil samples were collected from different locations in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The first sample was taken in a rural mountain area, the second is part of an agricultural area (wheat field), and the third sample was taken near an industrial plant for iron production. A physicochemical, microbiological and ecotoxicological characterization of the mentioned soil types was carried out. The physicochemical analysis included the determination of the moisture content, conductivity, dissolved oxygen concentration and pH. Biochemical tests (catalase and oxidase test) and KOH test with Gram and Schaffer-Fulton staining were performed for closer identification of bacteria. The final step of bacterial identification was the application of an API strip. Molds were identified using the Bergeny manual and microscopic analysis. The ecotoxicity test was performed using a bacterial culture of Vibrio fischeri.

• Keywords: tlo; fizikalno-kemijska analiza; mikrobiološka analiza; test ekotoksičnosti
• Keywords (english): soil; physico-chemical analysis; microbiological analysis; ecotoxicity test
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:780817
• Study programme: Title: Applied Chemistry - Undergraduate study; specializations in: Environmental chemistry and green technologies, Advanced materials and technologies, Applied organic chemistry; Course: Environmental chemistry and green technologies; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2023-02-21 07:35:04