Hidroliza drvne biomase

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Hydrolysis of wood biomass
• Author: Emilija Pavlek
• Mentor: Marin Kovačić (mentor)
• Committee member: Marin Kovačić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana Lončarić Božić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana Vrsalović Presečki (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-07-16, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Povećanje potražnje za energijom širom svijeta i sve veća eksploatacija primarnih energetskih izvora rezultira osiromašenjem zaliha fosilnih goriva. Alternativa konvencionalnim gorivima upotreba je obnovljivih izvora energije kao što je biomasa za dobivanje biogoriva nove generacije. Fermentacija biomase u alkohol jedna je od najrazvijenijih metoda kemijske konverzije biomase, a prethode joj postupci hidrolize pogodni za dobivanje šećera. Za ovaj rad ključan je upravo korak koji prethodi fermentaciji, hidroliza, provedena u blagim uvjetima s koncentriranom sumpornom kiselinom kao katalizatorom. Nakon određenog vremena hidroliza je rezultirala produktom kojeg odlikuje kristalna struktura i bijela boja, a karakteriziran je termogravimetrijskom analizom i infracrvenom spektroskopijom s Fourierovom transformacijom. Rezultati dobiveni karakterizacijom, potvrđuju funkcionalne skupine karakteristične za šećere, međutim ukazuju i na znatnu prisutnost anorganskih soli preostalih nakon neutralizacije kiselinom.

Abstract (english)

Increasing energy demand around the world and exploitation of primary energy sources results in the depletion of fossil fuel stocks. An alternative to conventional fuels is the use of renewable energy sources such as biomass to produce next-generation biofuels. Fermentation of biomass into alcohol is one of the most developed method of chemical conversion of biomass, and it is preceded by hydrolysis processes suitable for obtaining sugar. Crucial to this work is precisely the step preceding fermentation, hydrolysis, carried out under mild conditions with concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst. After some time, the hydrolysis resulted in a product characterized by a crystalline structure and white color, and was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform. The results obtained by characterization, confirm the functional groups of characteristics for sugars, however, indicate the significant presence of inorganic salts remaining after acid neutralization.

• Keywords: biomasa; hidroliza; ugljikohidrati
• Keywords (english): biomass; hydrolysis; carbohydrate
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:802445
• Study programme: Title: Chemical Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2023-04-12 11:25:07