Utjecaj morfologije punila na svojstva PVC-a

master's thesis

• Title (english): Influence of filler morphology on PVC properties
• Author: Pamela Židić
• Mentor: Sanja Lučić Blagojević (mentor)
• Committee member: Sanja Lučić Blagojević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Domagoj Vrsaljko (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zrinka Buhin Šturlić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015-07-16, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering; Chemical Engineering in Material Development

Abstract

PVC, poli(vinil-klorid) je jedan od toplinski najnestabilnijih polimera. Među velikim brojem dodataka koji su potrebni PVC-u za njegovu uspješnu preradu, značajno mjesto zauzimaju anorganski materijali tj. punila. Od posebnog je interesa istraživanje dodatka nano i mikropunila te njihov utjecaj na svojstva kompozita. U ovom radu ispitivana je morfologija, mehanička i toplinska svojstva poli(vinil-klorida) uz dodatak različitih masenih udjela punila. Korišteno je prirodno punilo perlit mikrodimenzija i sintetsko nanopunilo pirogena silika. Temperatura staklastog prijelaza određivana je diferencijalnom pretražnom kalorimetrijom (DSC), a toplinska stabilnost metodom termogravimetrijske analize (TGA). Morfologija čestica punila, raspodjela punila u PVC matrici te mehanizam popuštanja određeni su pretražnim elektronskim mikroskopom(SEM). Mehanička svojstva polimerne matrice PVC te kompozitnih sustava određivana su testom jednoosnog istezanja na mehaničkoj kidalici. Kompozitima je određena i tvrdoća, mjerenjem shoremetrom A. Rezultati su pokazali da dodatak punila ne utječu na temperaturu staklastog prijelaza. Ispitivanjem toplinske stabilnosti pokazalo se kako dodatak perlita poboljšava toplinskasvojstva PVC-a, dok dodatkom aerosila dolazi do promjene toplinskih svojstava tek pri višim koncentracijama. Analiza mehanizma popuštanja i mehaničkih svojstava upućuje da dodatak perlita pogoršava mehanička svojstava; smanjuje vrijednost prekidne čvrstoće, prekidnog istezanja i rada kidanja u odnosu na čistu PVC matricu. Aerosil nije utjecao na promjenu mehaničkih svojstava PVC matrice. Dodatak oba punila povećao je tvrdoću PVC matrice.

Abstract (english)

PVC, poly(vinyl chloride) is one of the most thermally unstable polymers. Among the large number of supplements required for successful treatment of PVC, significant place have inorganic materials i.e. fillers. Special interests of researchers are nano and microfillers and their influence on the composite properties. In this study, mechanical and thermal properties of poly(vinyl chloride) with different amount of the fillers have been studied. The fillers which were used are natural filler perlite and synthetic filler pyrogenic silica. Glass transition temperature was determined with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal stability with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Mechanical properties of the PVC polymer matrix and PVC composites were determined on mechanical testing machine by tensile test. To investigate the morphology of the filler particles, distribution of the filler in polymer matrix and the failure mechanism,scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used. Hardness of the PVC and PVC composites were determined using shoremeter A. Results showed that the addition of both fillers did not influence on the PVC glass transition temperature. Analysis of thermal stability has shown that the addition of perlite improves thermal stability of PVC, while aerosil affects PVC's thermal stability only at higher concentration. Analysing the mechanism of failure and mechanical properties, it was concluded that the addition of perlite have negative influence on mechanical properties. In general, the addition of perlite reduces all mechanical characteristic values such as tensile strength, elongation at break and work of break. Aerosil did not affect mechanical properties of the PVC matrix. Addition of both fillers increased the hardness of PVC matrix.

• Keywords: PVC; poli(vinil-klorid); kompozitni sustav PVC/punilo; pirogenasilika; perlit; morfologija; toplinska svojstva; stabilnost; mehanička svojstva
• Keywords (english): poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC); composite system PVC/filler; pyrogenic silica; perlite; thermal properties; stability; mechanical properties
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:021155
• Study programme: Title: Materials Science and Engineering - Graduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2016-12-22 14:22:33