Metalni materijali za biomedicinsku primjenu

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Metallic materials for biomedical applications
• Author: Grgur Mihalinec
• Mentor: Hrvoje Ivanković (mentor)
• Committee member: Hrvoje Ivanković (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Nevenka Vrbos (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marica Ivanković (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-21, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Biomaterijali sintetski su ili prirodni materijali namjenjeni određenoj funkciji u biološkom okruženju gdje se koriste za izravnu, dopunsku ili zamjensku ulogu živoga tkiva ljudskog organizma. Osnovni zahtjev materijala koji se ugrađuje u ljudsko tijelo je njegova biokompatibilnost. Biomaterijale općenito možemo podijeli na metale, polimere, keramiku i kompozite. Metalni se materijali koriste kao strukturni materijali za medicinske uređaje na području ortopedske kirurgije, krvožilnog sustava te stomatologije. Približno 70%-80% strukturnih materijala koji se koriste u implantantima su upravo metali. Ovim radom predstavljeni su najčešći metalni biomaterijali kao što su nehrđajući čelik, legure kobalta, titanij i njegove legure.Legure su zasebno predstavljene, a za svaku opisan je njezin kemijski satav, mehanička svojstva, korozijska otpornost, biokompatibilnost i za kraj objašnjena specifična primjena na temelju prethodno navedenih svojstava. Uz to opisani su i posebni materijali poput Nitinola i legura plemenitih metala. Iako metali pokazuju neke probleme kao biomaterijali moderna tehnologija omogućuje napredak u razvoju metalnih biomaterijala. Svakodnevno se radi na poboljšanju svojstava tradicionalnih biometala legiranjem s drugim elementima te stvaranjem kompozita s drugim biomaterijalima. Osim toga stvaraju se novi biomaterijali poput metalnih stakala te biorazgradivih metala koji se smatraju budućnošću biomedicinske znanosti.

Abstract (english)

Biomaterials are synthetic or natural materials intended for a specific function in a biological environment where they are used for the direct, complementary or substitute role of living tissue of the human body. The basic requirement of a material that is implanted into the human body is its bioocompatibility. Biomaterials can generally be divided into metals, polymers, ceramics and composites. Metal materials are used as structural materials for medical devices in field of orthopedic surgery, vascular system and dentistry. Approximately 70% - 80% of the structural materials used as implants are metals. This paper presents the most common metallic biomaterials such as stainless steel, cobalt alloys, titanium and its alloys. The alloys are presented separetely, and for each is shown its chemical composition, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, biocompatibility and finally the specific application is explained on basis of the previously mentioned properties. In addition, special materials such as Nitinol and precious metal alloys are described. Although metals show some problems as biomaterials, modern technology allows advences in the development of metallic biomaterials. On daily basis it is worked on improving the properties of traditional biometals by alloying with other elements and creating composites with other biomaterials. Beside that, a new biomaterials such as metal glasses and biodegradable metals are being created, which are consideresed as the future of biomedical science.

• Keywords: metalni biomaterijali; biokompatibilnost; legure
• Keywords (english): metallic biomaterials; biocompatibility; alloys
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:832324
• Study programme: Title: Applied Chemistry - Undergraduate study; specializations in: Environmental chemistry and green technologies, Advanced materials and technologies, Applied organic chemistry; Course: Advanced materials and technologies; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2023-05-05 11:44:04