Karakterizacija pirolitičkih produkata dobivenih pirolizom sječke hrasta

master's thesis

• Title (english): Characterisation of pyrolytic products produced by pyrolysis of wood chips made from oak
• Author: Karla Plenča
• Mentor: Hrvoje Kušić (mentor)
• Committee member: Hrvoje Kušić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Anita Šalić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Matija Cvetnić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-05-31, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Interdisciplinary Technical Sciences

Abstract

Biomasa predstavlja obnovljiv, ugljično neutralan i lako dostupan izvor sirovine za dobivanje energije i raznih drugih produkata. Tehnologija pirolize omogućava pretvaranje biomase u vrijedne nusprodukte, kao što su bioplin i bio-ulje s posebnim naglaskom na bio-ugljen. Njegova raznolika primjena predmet je mnogih istraživanja, dok se u posljednje vrijeme ispituje mogućnost korištenja bio-ugljena kao prekursora za proizvodnju grafena. Svrha ovog rada bila je u laboratorijskom mjerilu pronaći najoptimalniju sirovinu i procesne uvjete u cilju smanjenja nastanka dioksina i furana te dobivanja što većeg prinosa bio-ugljena kao željenog produkta. Nakon preliminarnih rezultata dobivenih pomoću analize plinova, kalorijske vrijednosti, elementarne analize te analize teških metala, odabrani uzorak „Hrast“ podvrgnut je pirolizi u poluindustrijskom mjerilu pri 800 ⁰C. Dobiveni bio-ugljen modificiran je s ciljem dobivanja grafen oksida i to na dva načina. Dio uzorka podvrgnut je Hummersovoj metodi, a dio persulfatnoj interkalaciji grafitnog materijala. Tako interkalirani uzorak stavljen je u mufolnu peć kako bi se dodatno termički ekspandirao. Rezultati morfološke, strukturne i elektrokemijske analize pokazali su kako svi uzorci imaju grafitnu strukturu sa slobodnim π-elektronima, dok najveći potencijal za daljnju obradu ima upravo uzorak modificiran po Hummersu. On ima najjednostavniji kemijski sastav, najuređeniju strukturu i najveći doprinos sp2 hibridizirane veze.

Abstract (english)

Biomass is a renewable, carbon-neutral and easily available source of raw material for obtaining energy and various other products. Pyrolysis enables the conversion of biomass into valuable by-products, such as biogas and bio-oil with a special emphasis on biochar. Its diverse application is the subject of many studies, while recently the possibility of using bio char as a precursor for the production of graphene has been examined. The purpose of this work was to find the most optimal raw material and process conditions on a laboratory scale in order to reduce the formation of dioxins and furans and obtain the highest possible yield of biochar as the desired product. After preliminary results obtained using gas analysis, calorific value, elemental analysis and heavy metal analysis, the selected sample "Oak" was subjected to pyrolysis on a semi-industrial scale at 800 ⁰C. The obtained biochar was modified with the aim of obtaining graphene oxide in two ways. Part of the sample was subjected to the Hummers method, and part to persulfate intercalation of graphite material. The thus intercalated sample was placed in a muffle furnace to further expand thermally. The results of the morphological, structural and electrochemical analysis showed that all samples have a graphite structure with free π-electrons, while the sample modified according to Hummers has the greatest potential for further processing. It has the simplest chemical composition, the most ordered structure and the largest contribution of hybridized sp2 bonds.

• Keywords: biomasa; piroliza; bio-ugljen; grafitni materijal; grafen oksid
• Keywords (english): biomass; pyrolysis; biochar; graphite material; graphene oxide
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:515761
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Engineering - Graduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Embargoed access; Embargo expiration date: 2024-05-20
• Created on: 2023-06-02 09:06:19