Membranska destilacija-primjena u praksi

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Membrane distillation - application in practice
• Author: Iva Domšić
• Mentor: Krešimir Košutić (mentor)
• Committee member: Krešimir Košutić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lidija Furač (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Leonard Bauer (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Membranska destilacija (MD) je neizotermna membranska tehnologija koja je sve više dolazi do izražaja u odnosu na klasičnu destilaciju. U radu je prikazan razvoj ove separacijske tehnologije, mehanizam procesa MD, vrste membrana za MD, moduli MD te primjena u praksi. Razlika tlaka glavna je pokretačka sila MD stoga su razvijena četiri glavna modula ove separacijske metode: membranska destilacija direktnog kontakta (DCMD), membranska destilacija s pročišćavajućim plinom (SGMD), membranska destilacija sa zračnim razmakom (AGMD) i vakuumska membranska destilacija (VMD). Za proces MD koriste se hidrofobne mikroporozne membrane najčešće od poli(tetrafluoretilena) (PTFE), polipropilena (PP) i poli(viniliden-fluorida) (PVDF) kako bi se spriječilo vlaženje membrane. U radu su također objašnjeni fenomeni vlaženja membrane, tlaka prodiranja i ravnoteže para - kapljevina kao i fenomeni prijenosa tvari i topline kroz membranu. Primjene MD su najčešće u desalinaciji morske i bočate vode, separaciji molekula poput amonijaka i aromatskih spojeva kao i iona teških metala. Također MD je našla svoju primjenu i u koncentraciji vodenih otopina.
Zbog lake integracije MD sustava u druge separacijske pogone moguće je ostvariti zadovoljavajuće rezultate poput smanjenja koncentrata.

Abstract (english)

Membrane distillation (MD) is a non-isothermal membrane technology that is increasingly gaining prominence compared to classical distillation. The work presents the development of this separation technology, the mechanism of the MD process, types of MD membranes, MD modules and practical application. The pressure difference is the main driving force of MD, therefore four main modules of this separation method were developed: direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD), sweeping gas membrane distillation (SGMD), air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) and vacuum membrane distillation (VMD). For the MD process itself, hydrophobic microporous membranes are used, usually made of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE), polypropylene (PP) and poly(vinylidene-fluoride) (PVDF) in order to prevent wetting of the membrane. The work also explains the phenomena of membrane wetting, penetration pressure and vapor-liquid equilibrium, as well as the phenomena of mass and heat transfer through the membrane. Applications of MD are the most common in desalination of sea and brackish water, separation of molecules such as ammonia and aromatic compounds as well as heavy metal ions. MD also found its application in the concentration of aqueous solutions. Due to the easy integration of the MD system into other separation plants, it is possible to achieve satisfactory results such as the reduction of concentrate.

• Keywords: membranska destilacija; vlaženje membrane; desalinacija; DCMD; SGMD; AGMD; VMD
• Keywords (english): membrane distillation; membrane wetting; desalination; DCMD; SGMD; AGMD; VMD
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:887288
• Study programme: Title: Materials Science and Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Embargoed access; Embargo expiration date: 2025-10-01
• Created on: 2023-11-29 09:33:46