Ravnoteža kapljevina-kapljevina u sustavima s biodizelom na bazi propilnog estera masnih kiselina

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Liquid-liquid equilibrium in the systems involving biodiesel based on fatty acid propyl ester
• Author: Nikola Turčić
• Mentor: Kristina Zagajski Kučan (mentor)
• Committee member: Kristina Zagajski Kučan (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Fabio Faraguna (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marko Rogošić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-07-02, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Primarni zadatak rada je proučiti faznu ravnotežu kapljevina-kapljevina u dvokomponentnim, pseudodvokomponentnim i pseudotrokomponentnim sustavima koji, uz biodizel – propilni ester masnih kiselina (eng. fatty acid propyl ester, FAPRE), čine glicerol, propanol i voda; spojevi koji su prisutni u smjesi produkata reakcije transesterifikacije kojom se biodizel sintetizira. Eksperimentalno je određena ravnoteža kapljevina-kapljevina pri 25 °C i atmosferskom tlaku, te su izmjerena fizikalna svojstva biodizela: gustoća, dinamička i kinematička viskoznost, napetost površine, točka kristalizacije, tecište i maglište, svojstva važna za primjenu biodizela kao motornog goriva. Temperaturno ponašanje biodizela istraženo je tehnikama diferencijalne pretražne kalorimetrije, termogravimetrijske analize i polarizirajuće mikroskopije. Čistoća biodizela provjerena je infracrvenom spektroskopijom s Fourierovom transformacijom. Utvrđeno je da su sustavi propanol – FAPRE, propanol – voda, propanol – glicerol i voda – glicerol mješljivi u potpunosti, sustav glicerol – FAPRE potpuno je nemješljiv kao i sustav voda – FAPRE. Voda je pogodno otapalo za uklanjanje glicerola i propanola iz produktne smjese. Fizikalna svojstva biodizela ne zadovoljavaju trenutno važeće norme za dizelska goriva i djelomično zadovoljavaju važeću normu za biodizel.

Abstract (english)

The primary goal of this investigation was determination of liquid-liquid equilibrium in pseudoternary systems consisting of fatty acid propyl esters (FAPRE) – biodiesel, glycerol, propanol and water; compounds present in product mixtures after synthesis of biodiesel by the transesterification reaction. Liquid-liquid equilibrium was experimentally measured at 25 °C and atmospheric pressure. Physical properties of biodiesel, such as dynamic viscosity, kinematic viscosity, density, surface tension, crystallization point, cloud point and pour point were also measured; these properties are important for the application of biodiesel as engine fuels. The temperature behavior of biodiesel was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetic analysis, and polarized light microscopy methods. The purity of biodiesel was determined using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Results show that the systems propanol – FAPRE, propanol – water, propanol – glycerol and water – glycerol are completely miscible, The systems water – FAPRE and FAPRE – glycerol are completely immiscible. Water can be used as a solvent for the removal of glycerol and propanol from the product mixture. The physical properties of biodiesel do not satisfy the regulations in force related to diesel fuels and partially satisfy the regulations in force related to biodiesel.

• Keywords: transesterifikacija; ravnoteža kapljevina-kapljevina; propilni ester masnih kiselina
• Keywords (english): transesterification; liquid-liquid equilibrium; fatty acid propyl ester
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:453871
• Study programme: Title: Chemical Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-07-03 12:21:18