Biorazgradljive polimerne folije za malčiranje

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Biodegradable polymer mulch films
• Author: Barbara Štiglec
• Mentor: Vesna Ocelić Bulatović (mentor)
• Committee member: Vesna Ocelić Bulatović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Martina Miloloža (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lidija Furač (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Interdisciplinary Technical Sciences

Abstract

Primjena malčeva dio je poljoprivredne prakse već desetljećima, a korištenje plastičnih malčeva naglo je poraslo u posljednjih 10 godina. Do ovog porasta dolazi zbog raznih pogodnih svojstva i sposobnosti koje plastični malčevi posjeduju, poput povećavanja temperature tla, smanjenja štetnika, očuvanja vlage u tlu, smanjenja rasta korova i mnogih drugih. Međutim, njihova upotreba nosi rizik od onečišćenja tla plastikom i mikroplastikom, te posljedično i mogućih zdravstvenih opasnosti. Iz tih razloga dolazi do razvoja biorazgradivih polimera. Glavni zahtjev za ove polimere je biorazgradivost u prirodnim klimatskim uvjetima bez proizvodnje bilo kakvih toksičnih spojeva koji zaostaju u tlu. Stoga se za izradu malčeva koriste biorazgradivi polimeri na bazi fosilnih goriva ili dobiveni iz obnovljivih izvora. Osim biorazgradivosti potrebno je dobiti malčeve visoke čvrstoće, te što lakšu dostupnost i niske cijene. Ovaj rad govori o vrstama polimera koji se mogu istraživati kao potencijalni biorazgradivi malčevi, procesu biorazgradnje malčeva, njihovim prednostima i nedostatcima, te budućim perspektivama u tom području.

Abstract (english)

The application of mulches has been a part of agricultural practices for decades, and the use of plastic mulches has increased in the past 10 years. This rise is due to the various beneficial properties and capabilities that plastic mulches offer, such as increasing soil temperature, reducing pests, conserving soil moisture, suppressing weed growth, and many others. However, their use carries the risk of soil contamination with plastic and microplastics, leading to potential health hazards. Consequently, the development of biodegradable polymers has gained importance. The primary requirement for these polymers is biodegradability under natural climatic conditions without producing any toxic compounds that remain in the soil. Therefore, biodegradable polymers derived from fossil fuels or obtained from renewable sources are used in mulch production. In addition to biodegradability, it is essential to achieve high-strength mulches that are readily available and cost-effective. This paper discusses the types of polymers that can be explored as potential biodegradable mulches, the process of mulch biodegradation, their advantages and disadvantages, and future perspectives in this field.

• Keywords: malčevi; biorazgradivi polimeri; biorazgradnja
• Keywords (english): mulches; biodegradable polymers; biodegradation
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:152345
• Study programme: Title: Materials Science and Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-11-14 15:01:42