Dobivanje biodizela iz otpadnih alkoholnih smjesa

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Synthesis of biodiesel from waste alcoholic mixtures
• Author: Anja Antolić
• Mentor: Ante Jukić (mentor)
• Committee member: Ante Jukić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Elvira Vidović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Monika Šabić Runjavec (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-16, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

U ovom radu je opisan postupak dobivanja biodizela iz otpadnog alkohola fuselola i otpadnog suncokretovog ulja od prženja hrane. Cilj ovog završnog rada je ispitati utjecaj reakcijskih faktora na iskorištenje biodizela, odnosno modelirati reakcijski sustav primjenom faktorskog plana i metodologije odzivnih površina. Motivacija za provođenje ovog rada pojavila se kao sve veća potreba za pronalaskom obnovljivog goriva kao zamjene za fosilna goriva.
Direktiva o promicanju uporabe energije iz obnovljivih izvora (RED II/ EU 2018/2001) - zahtjeva od država članica da zajednički osiguravaju da udio energije iz obnovljivih izvora u ukupnoj konačnoj bruto potrošnji energije u Europskoj Uniji 2030. bude najmanje 32 %. Značajni reakcijski faktori za ovaj sustav su: temperatura, molarni omjer alkohola i ulja, maseni udio katalizatora KOH i broj okretaja miješala. Glavni rezultati upućuju na to da porast molarnog omjera reaktanata, masenog udjela katalizatora i broja okretaja miješala imaju pozitivan utjecaj na iskorištenje biodizela, dok porast temperature reakcije ima negativan utjecaj na iskorištenje biodizela. Najveće eksperimentalno iskorištenje od 56,3 mol. % dobiveno je pri uvjetima temperature od 60 °C, vremenu reakcije od 60 min, molarnom omjeru reaktanata od 12:1, masenom udjelu KOH od 3 % te broju okretaja miješala od
375 min^-1. Model je uspješno validiran za svih pet ispitanih slučajeva.

Abstract (english)

This thesis describes biodiesel production from waste alcohol fuselol and waste sunflower oil for frying food. The goal of this final work is to examine the influence of reaction factors on the reaction conversion for biodiesel from waste oil and waste alcohol, that is, to model the reaction system using the response surface methodology. The motivation for writing and conducting this work emerged as the growing need to find a renewable fuel to replace fossil fuels. Directive on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources (RED II/ EU 2018/2001) - requires the Member States to jointly ensure that the share of energy from renewable sources in the total final gross energy consumption in the Union in 2030 is at least 32 %. Important reaction factors for this system are: temperature, molar ratio of alcohol and oil, mass fraction of KOH catalyst and number of revolutions of the mixer. The main results indicate that an increase in the molar ratio of reactants, the mass fraction of the catalyst and the number of revolutions of the mixer have a positive effect on the reaction conversion, while an increase in the reaction temperature has a negative effect on the reaction conversion. The highest experimental conversion of 56.3 mol. % was obtained at a temperature of 60 °C, reaction time of 60 min, a molar ratio of reactants of 12:1, a mass fraction of KOH of 3 %, and a stirring speed of 375 min^-1. The model was successfully validated for all five examined cases.

• Keywords: biodizel; transesterifikacija; fuselol; 1H NMR; reakcijski faktori; optimizacija
• Keywords (english): biodiesel; transesterification; fuselol; 1H NMR; reaction factors; optimization
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:608618
• Study programme: Title: Applied Chemistry - Undergraduate study; specializations in: Environmental chemistry and green technologies, Advanced materials and technologies, Applied organic chemistry; Course: Environmental chemistry and green technologies; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-11-15 14:09:39