Kemijsko oksidativna polimerizacija monomera anilina u prisustvu ZnO nanočestica

master's thesis

• Title (english): Chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline monomer in the presence of ZnO nanoparticles
• Author: Emilija Krivošija
• Mentor: Zvonimir Katančić (mentor)
• Mentor: Mark Žic (komentor)
• Committee member: Zvonimir Katančić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marin Kovačić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mark Žic (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2025-03-27, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Nanokompozit polianilin/cinkov oksid (PANI/ZnO) sintetiziran je in situ kemijsko oksidativnom polimerizacijom monomera anilina (ANI) u prisustvu nanočestica cinkovog oksida (ZnO). U radu su istraženi optimalni uvjeti sinteze koja je provedena u vodenoj otopini organskog otapala dietilen glikola (DEG) uz dodatak 2,5 mL, 5,0 mL te 10,0 mL DEG-a te pri različitim vremenima polimerizacije: 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min. Karakterizacija sintetiziranih nanokompozita provedena je infracrvenom spektroskopijom s Fourierovom transformacijom (FTIR), difuznom refleksijskom spektroskopijom (DRS), rendgenskom difrakcijskom analizom (XRD), pretražnom elektronskom mikroskopijom (SEM) te određivanjem elektrovodljivosti. Na temelju rezultata uspješno je provedena sinteza vodljivog PANI/ZnO nanokompozita polimerizacijom anilina u neutralnom mediju uz dodatak DEG-a u uvjetima u kojima je izbjegnuto otapanje nanočestica ZnO. Nadalje, XRD analiza potvrdila je prisutnost nanočestica ZnO u obliku vurcita, dok su FTIR i DRS spektroskopija, kao i elektrovodljivost dokazali postojanje PANI-ja u vodljivom obliku kao zelena emeraldinska sol (PANI-ES). Iz dobivenih rezultata karakterizacije, može se zaključiti da najbolja vodljiva svojstva pokazuju nanokompozitni uzorci PANI/ZnO/5,0 mL DEG – 15 min (κ/S·cm^-1=2,066⋅10^-4) i PANI/ZnO/10,0 mL DEG – 60 min (κ/S·cm^-1=6,227⋅10^-4). Ovaj predstavljeni pristup pokazuje značajan napredak u sprječavanju otapanja nanočestica ZnO osjetljivih na nizak pH tijekom in situ sinteze PANI/ZnO nanokompozita, čime se značajno proširuje područje njegove primjene, pogotovo u fotokatalizi i senzorima.

Abstract (english)

Nanocomposite polyaniline/zinc oxide (PANI/ZnO) was synthesized by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline monomer (ANI) in the presence of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. The paper investigated the optimal conditions of the synthesis, which was carried out in an aqueous solution of the organic solvent diethylene glycol (DEG) with the addition of 2,5 mL, 5,0 mL and 10,0 mL of DEG and at different polymerization times: 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min. The characterization of the synthesized nanocomposites was carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and determination of electrical conductivity. Based on the results, a conductive PANI/ZnO nanocomposite was successfully synthesized by polymerization of aniline in a neutral medium with the addition of DEG under conditions in which the dissolution of ZnO nanoparticles was avoided. Furthermore, XRD analysis confirmed the presence of ZnO nanoparticles in the form of wurtzite, while FTIR and DRS spectroscopy, as well as electrical conductivity, proved the existence of PANI in a conductive form as green emeraldine salt (PANI-ES). From the obtained characterization results, it can be concluded that the best conductive properties are shown by nanocomposite samples PANI/ZnO/5,0 mL DEG – 15 min (κ/S·cm^-1=2,066⋅10^-4) and PANI/ZnO/10,0 mL DEG – 60 min (κ/S·cm^-1=6.227⋅10^-4). This presented approach demonstrates significant progress in preventing the dissolution of low pH-sensitive ZnO nanoparticles during the in situ synthesis of PANI/ZnO nanocomposite, thereby significantly expanding its application area, especially in photocatalysis and sensors.

• Keywords: vodljivi polimer; polianilin; nanokompozit; kemijsko oksidativna polimerizacija; fotokataliza; senzor
• Keywords (english): conductive polymer; polyaniline; nanocomposite; chemical oxidative polymerization; photocatalysis; sensor
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:248666
• Study programme: Title: Applied Chemistry - Graduate study; specializations in: Environmental chemistry and green technologies, Advanced materials and technologies, Applied organic chemistry; Course: Environmental chemistry and green technologies; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a magistar/magistra primijenjene kemije (sveučilišni/a magistar/magistra primijenjene kemije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Embargoed access; Embargo expiration date: 2027-01-01
• Created on: 2025-03-31 07:33:44