Analiza legure iz arheološkog nalazišta tankoslojnom kromatografijom nakon anodnog uzorkovanja

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): The analysis of the alloy from the archaeological finding by thin-layer chromatography after anodic sampling
• Author: Ivan Kelava
• Mentor: Danijela Ašperger (mentor)
• Committee member: Danijela Ašperger (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mirta Čizmić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lidija Furač (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-09-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Chemistry; Analytic Chemistry

Abstract

Analiza slitina, kao i svaka druga kemijska analiza započinje uzorkovanjem. Metode uzorkovanja slitina uglavnom uključuju destruktivne metode kao što su struganje, svrdlanje i rezanje, a dobiveni komadi slitina otapaju se u jakim anorganskim kiselinama. Otopine takvih uzoraka najčešće se analiziraju atomskom apsorpcijskom spektrometrijom (AAS) ili optičkom emisijskom spektrometrijom sa pobudom u induktivno spregnutoj plazmi (ICP – OES). U slučajevima ograničenih količina uzoraka slitine ili u situacijama kad destruktivno uzorkovanje slitine nije poželjno, poseže se za nedestruktivnim metodama uzorkovanja, a jedna je od tih metoda, metoda anodnog uzorkovanja, odnosno mikrodestruktivno anodno otapanje površine uzorka. Metoda anodnog uzorkovanja najčešće je povezana s tankoslojnom kromatografijom kao metodom kemijske analize. Cilj ovog rada bio je analiza slitine arheološke važnosti, pronađene u moru. Analiza kojoj je prethodilo anodno uzorkovanje, provedena je tankoslojnom kromatografijom. Uz samu analizu, određen je optimalni razvijač za razdvajanje komponenata olovnih legura, uvjeti anodnog uzorkovanja, elektrolit za uzorkovanje, te vrijeme nanošenja uzorka na kromatografsku podlogu. Analizom su određene glavne komponente legure, što se podudara s prethodno napravljenom destruktivnom, spektrometrijskom analizom sastava legure. U najvećoj mjeri sastoji se od olova i kositra. Spektrometrijska metoda daje točnije rezultate analize, no za razliku od tankoslojne kromatografije dugotrajna je s obzirom na pripremu uzorka i zahtjeva skuplju opremu. Tankoslojna kromatografija izvrsna je kao preliminarna metoda s glavnom prednosti anodnog uzorkovanja, no nije moguće odrediti sporedne komponente i elemente u tragovima.

Abstract (english)

The analysis of alloys, as well as any other chemical analysis begins by sampling. Sampling methods of alloy mainly include destructive methods such as turning, boring and cutting, and obtained pieces of alloy dissolve in strong inorganic acids. Solutions of such samples are commonly analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) or optical emission spectrometry with inductively on coexcitation in the plasma (ICP-OES). In cases of limited amounts of samples of alloys or in situations where destructive sampling of the alloy is not desirable, we are reaching out to non-destructive methods of chemical analysis and sampling, and one of these methods is the method of anodic sampling or microdestructive anodic dissolution of the sample surface. A method of sampling an anode is usually associated with thin-layer chromatography as a method of chemical analysis. The aim of this study was to analyze alloy of archaeological significance, found in the sea. The analysis which was preceded by anodic sampling is carried out by thin-layer chromatography. In addition to the analysis, an optimum developer for the separation of the components of lead alloys was determined, such as sampling conditions anode, electrolyte for sampling, and time applying the sample to the chromatography medium. The analysis determined certain major components of the alloy, which is consistent with previously conducted destructive, spectrometric analysis of the alloy composition. For the most part it consists of lead and tin. Spectrometric method gives more accurate results of the analysis, but unlike the thin-layer chromatography takes more time due to the sample preparation and expensive equipment. Thin-layer chromatography is an excellent method as a preliminary with the main advantage of anodic sampling, but it is not possible to determine the minor component and trace elements.

• Keywords: slitine; olovo; tankoslojna kromatografija; nedestruktivno uzorkovanje; anodno uzorkovanje
• Keywords (english): alloy; lead; thin layer chromatography; non-destructive sampling; anodic sampling
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:074333
• Study programme: Title: Applied Chemistry - Undergraduate study; specializations in: Environmental chemistry and green technologies, Advanced materials and technologies, Applied organic chemistry; Course: Advanced materials and technologies; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-02-16 09:14:24