Kemijska modifikacija kitozana metalnim ionima - literaturni pregled

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Chemical modification of chitosan with metal ions - a review
• Author: Ivan Zuanović
• Mentor: Hrvoje Ivanković (mentor)
• Committee member: Hrvoje Ivanković (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Anamarija Rogina (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dajana Milovac (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-09-23, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering; Chemical Engineering in Material Development

Abstract

U posljednjih nekoliko godina, zagađenje okoliša s ionima teških metala privlači pozornost mnogih istraživačkih skupina širom svijeta. Sve glasniji zahtjevi za njihovo uklanjanje iz industrijskih otpadnih voda i okoliša pretpostavljaju razvoj i testiranje novih materijala prikladnih za njihovo uklanjanje, s naglaskom na primjenu otpadnih biomaterijala. Kroz posljednja tri desetljeća, biopolimeri su intenzivno proučavani zbog njihove interakcije s metalnim ionima. Celuloza, hitin i kitozan su najčešće proučavani biopolimeri za sorpciju metalnih iona. Hitin je glavna strukturalna komponenta skeleta rakova (npr, rakovi, kozice, insekti i škampi) i staničnih stijenki gljivica. Hitin je polimer izgrađen od acetilglukozaminskih jedinica. U slučaju nekih Mucorales vrsta, hitin je zamijenjen kitozanom, polimerom izgrađenim od glukozaminskih jedinica. Kitozan se komercijalno proizvodi deacetilacijom hitina i tipičan je biopolimer s odličnim svojstvima za vezanje metalnih iona. Metalni kationi mogu se adsorbirati kelacijama na amino i hidroksilne skupine kitozana u neutralnim otopinama. U slučaju aniona, sorpcija se radi elektrostatskim privlačenjem na protoniranim amino skupinama u kiselim otopinama. Prisutnost liganda i pH snažno utječu na jačinu i kapacite sorpcije iona. U ovom radu dan je pregled istraživanja provedenih na vezanju teških metala, poput: Cu, Zn, Cr ,Pb, Hg na kitozanu.

Abstract (english)

When it comes to the environmental pollution of heavy metals, it's necessary to say that this has drawn the attention of numerous research groups all over the world. When it comes to the contamination with heavy metals, it's also notable that this has increased the cocnern of citizens. The reason to this is their toxicity in relation to low concentrations, the fact that they are not biodegradable and they are not prone to bioaccumulation. Increasing demand for the recovery of these metals from industrial wastewater emphasized the development and testing of new materials, including the use of heavy waste biomaterials. For the last three to four decades, the biopolymers are intensively studied because of their interaction with metal ions. Cellulose, chitin and chitosan are commonly studied biopolymers for sorption of metal ions. It's important to mention that chitin is contained in the skeleton of the custaceans, in fact, it's their main ingredient (eg, crab, shrimp, insects and shrimp) and cell walls of fungi. Chitin is a polymer composed of acetilglucosamine units. In the case of some Mucorales species, chitin is replaed by chitosan, a polymer composed of glucosamine units. Chitosan is commercially produced deacetylation of chitin and a typical biopolymer with excellent input of metal ions. The metal cations may be adsorbed on the chelating amino and hydroxyl groups of chitosan in near neutral solutions. In the case of metal anions, sorption is done by electrostatic attraction to the protonated amine groups in acidic solutions. However, the presence of the ligand and the pH highly regulate the sorption performance and input. In this article we will talk about examples with heavy metals such as Cu, Zn, Cr and toxic metals such as Pb, Hg.

• Keywords: hitin; kitozan; onečišćenje; teški metali
• Keywords (english): chitin; chitosan; pollution; heavy metals
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:962082
• Study programme: Title: Materials Science and Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-02-19 12:12:25