Obrada procjednih voda tlačnim membranskim procesima

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Treatment of landfill leachate with pressure membrane processes
• Author: Ines Šoljić
• Mentor: Davor Dolar (mentor)
• Committee member: Davor Dolar (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lidija Furač (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Juraj Šipušić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015-09-16, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering; Environmental Protection in Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Odnos suvremenog društva prema okolišu sve je odgovorniji. Stoga je obrada procjednih voda zbog kompleksnosti sastava koji uzrokuje višestruke mehanizme toksičnosti na žive organizme i ekosustav, prepoznata kao jedan od najvažnijih okolišnih problema. Izazov današnjice je optimalna obrada procjednih voda kojom bi se u potpunosti smanjio negativan utjecaj na okoliš prije ispuštanja u sustave javne odvodnje i prirodne vodonosnike. Konvencionalne metode se zamjenjuju modernim tehnologijama poput tlačnih membranskih procesa: mikrofiltracije (MF), ultrafiltracije (UF), nanofiltracije (NF) i reverzne osmoze (RO).
Cilj ovog rada je pregled karakteristika tlačnih membranskih procesa za obradu procjednih voda s odlagališta otpada. Prikazane su procjene navedenih postupaka obrade na temelju kemijske potrošnje kisika (KPK), učinkovitosti uklanjanja amonijaka (NH3-N), ukupnih organskih tvari, teških metala i dr.
Reverznom osmozom se ostvaruju najbolji rezultati uklanjanja organskih tvari, KPK, amonijaka i teških metala u vrijednostima između 90 i 99%. Dok su te vrijednosti manje kada je riječ o obradi nanofiltracijom osobito ultrafiltracijom i mikrofiltracijom koje su eliminirane kao primarni načini obrade procjednih voda. Zbog kompleksnosti sastava procjednih voda da bi se postigla propisana kvaliteta izlaznog efluenta potrebna je primjena kombinacije tlačnih membranskih procesa i drugih metoda predobrade.

Abstract (english)

Modern society is more and more responsible regarding environment. Therefore, landfill leachates processing is considered as one of the most important environmental problems because of structure complexity, which causes multiple toxic mechanisms upon living organisms and ecosystem. The big challenge for the present day is optimal landfill leachates processing which would reduce negative effect on environment before oozing in sewage disposal systems and natural aquifers. Conventional methods are being substituted with modern technologies like pressure membrane processes: microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO).
The goal of this term paper is an overview on characteristics of pressure membrane processes for processing of landfill leachates from landfills. This term paper shows evaluations of listed processing procedures based on chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia removal efficiency (NH3-N), organic substances in total, heavy metals etc.
Reverse osmosis gives the best results in removals of organic substances, COD, ammonia and heavy metals valued from 90 to 99%. While those values are lower when nanofiltration, and especially ultrafiltration and microfiltration are being used, and they are eliminated as primary methods of landfill leachates processing. To get prescribed quality of output effluent, it is necessary to use a combination of pressure membrane processes and other preprocessing methods because of the landfill leachates structure complexity.

• Keywords: procjedna voda; tlačni membranski procesi; mikrofiltracija; ultrafiltracija; nanofiltracija; reverzna osmoza
• Keywords (english): landfill leachate; pressure membrane processes; microfiltration; ultrafiltration; nanofiltration; reverse osmosis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:891069
• Study programme: Title: Applied Chemistry - Undergraduate study; specializations in: Environmental chemistry and green technologies, Advanced materials and technologies, Applied organic chemistry; Course: Environmental chemistry and green technologies; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2016-11-28 10:03:07