Određivanje optimalnih uvjeta razgradnje mikroplastike u vodi naprednim oksidacijskim procesima

master's thesis

• Title (english): AOP degradation of microplastics in water: determination of optimal conditions
• Author: Dora Furač
• Mentor: Tomislav Bolanča (mentor)
• Committee member: Tomislav Bolanča (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Matija Cvetnić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dajana Kučić Grgić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-29, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Chemistry; Applied Chemistry

Abstract

U skupinu novih onečišćivala ubrajaju se plastika i farmaceutici koji se djelovanjem čovjeka bioakumuliraju u okolišu zadnjih sedamdeset godina. Pripadaju skupinama sintetskih stabilnih organskih spojeva otpornih na biološku i fotolitičku razgradnju. Plastika se u okolišu degradira na sitnije čestice mikroplastike na koje se adsorbiraju farmaceutici. U zajedničkoj interakciji kruže geosferom i biosferom Zemlje te predstavljaju globalan ekološko zdravstveni problem. Konvencionalne metode za obradu otpadnih voda ne omogućuju uspješno uklanjanje takvih onečišćivala prije ispuštanja u prirodne prijamnike. U svrhu poboljšanja učinkovitosti njihovog uklanjanja iz otpadnih voda potrebno je istražiti njihove međusobne interakcije te razviti nove metode kojima bi se unaprijedile i nadopunile postojeće. Jedna od njih su i napredni oksidacijski procesi (engl. advanced oxidation process, AOP). Svrha ovoga rada je preliminarno istražiti međusobni utjecaj čestica mikroplastike polietilena (PE) i polivinil klorida (PVC) sa farmaceutikom donepezil hidrokloridom (DNP) te njegovu razgradnju. Donepezil hidroklorid podvrgnut je procesima prisilne razgradnje i naprednih oksidacijskih procesa vodikovim peroksidom (UV/H2O2) i persulfatom (UV/Na2S2O8) u prisustvu čestica mikroplastike PE i PVC. Na temelju dobivenih podataka utvrđeno je da razgradnja DNP pripada kinetici prvog reda te je DNP vrlo stabilan spoj koji se teško razgrađuje. Utjecaj procesnih parametara pH vrijednosti, koncentracije oksidansa i koncentracije mikroplastike uspješno je procijenjen korištenjem Box-Behnkenov faktorskog dizajna eksperimenta te je razvijen RSM model. Na temelju koeficijenta determinacije (R2) te analize varijance (ANOVA) procijenjena je točnost modela. U svrhu procjene utjecaja eksperimentalno dobivenih procesnih parametara (pH vrijednosti, koncentracije oksidansa i koncentracije mikroplastike) na brzinu razgradnje farmaceutika DNP razvijeni su RSM modeli te su određeni optimalni uvjeti procesa. Svi dizajnirani modeli su značajni i pokazali su dobru točnost. Na razgradnju DNP procesima UV/H2O2-PE utječu svi procesni parametri. Optimalni uvjeti razgradnje određeni su za proces UV/Na2S2O8-PVC pri c(Na2S2O8) = 10 mM, pH = 4, c(PVC) = 10 mM pri čemu je konverzija 11,11%. Farmaceutik DNP stabilan je u širokom pH području i ima slab afinitet prema česticama mikroplastike PE i PVC.

Abstract (english)

The group of new pollutants that have been bioaccumulated in the environment by human activity in the last seventy years includes plastics and pharmaceuticals. They belong to the groups of synthetic stable organic compounds resistant to biological and photolytic degradation. In the environment plastic is degraded to smaller microplastic particles which adsorb pharmaceuticals. In the mutual interaction they circle in the Earth's geosphere and biosphere and represent a global ecological health problem. Conventional wastewater treatment methods do not allow the successful removal of such contaminants before they are discharged into natural receivers. In order to improve the efficiency of their removal from wastewater, it is necessary to investigate their interactions and develop new methods that adapt and supplement existing ones. One of them is the Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP). The purpose of this thesis is to perform preliminary investigation into the interaction of microplastic particles of polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with donepezil hydrochloride (DNP) and its degradation. Donepezil hydrochloride was subjected to forced degradation processes and advanced oxidation processes with hydrogen peroxide (UV/ H2O2) and persulfate (UV/S2O82-7) in the presence of PE and PVC microplastics. Based on the obtained data, it was determined that the degradation of DNP is kinetic reaction of first order. DNP is a very stable compound that is difficult to degrade. The influence of process parameters pH value, oxidant concentration and microplastic concentration was successfully estimated using Box-Behnken factor design experiment and RSM model was developed. Based on the coefficient of determination (R2) and analysis of variance (ANOVA), the accuracy of the model was estimated. In order to assess the influence of experimentally obtained process parameters (pH values, oxidant concentrations and microplastic concentrations) on the degradation rate of pharmaceutical DNP, RSM models were developed and the optimal process conditions are determined. All designed models are significant and have shown good accuracy. Degradation of DNP processes by UV/H2O2-PE is influenced by all process parameters. Optimal degradation conditions were determined for the UV/Na2S2O8-PVC process at c(Na2S2O8) = 10 mM, pH = 4, c(PVC) = 10mM with a conversion of 11.11%. The pharmaceutical DNP is stable over a wide pH range and has low affinity for PE and PVC microplastic particles.

• Keywords: farmaceutici; mikroplastika; onečišćenje; onečišćivalo; donepezil hidroklorid; napredni oksidacijski procesi; polietilen; polivinil klorid
• Keywords (english): pharmaceuticals; microplastics; contaminant; contaminant; donepezil hydrochloride; advanced oxidation processes; polyethylene; polyvinyl chloride
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:317264
• Project: Number: IP-2019-04-9661; Title: Primjena naprednih tehnologija obrade voda za uklanjanje mikroplastike; Title: Advanced Water Treatment Technologies for Microplastics Removal; Acronym: AdWaTMiR; Leader: Tomislav Bolanča; Jurisdiction: Croatia; Funder: HRZZ; Funding stream: IP
• Project: Number: IP-2014-09-7992; Title: Modeliranje okolišnih aspekata napredne obrade voda za razgradnju prioritetnih onečišćivala; Title: Modeling of environmental aspects of advanced water treatment for fegradation of priority pollutants; Acronym: MEAoWT; Leader: Tomislav Bolanča; Jurisdiction: Croatia; Funder: HRZZ; Funding stream: IP
• Study programme: Title: Chemical Engineering - Graduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Closed access
• Created on: 2022-03-02 13:50:23