Organska kemija na svemirskim tijelima

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Organic chemistry on celestial bodies
• Author: Andrija Jakovčević
• Mentor: Vladimir Dananić (mentor)
• Committee member: Vladimir Dananić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Igor Sutlović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Veljko Filipan (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Chemistry

Abstract

Organski spojevi su spojevi koji sadrže ugljik. Iznimku čine spojevi koji se svrstavaju u anorganske ili pak kompleksne spojeve, poput, primjerice, grafita ili dijamanta. U prošlosti su, prema vitalističkoj teoriji, samo spojevi koji se mogu pojaviti u živim organizmima bili klasificirani kao organski spojevi. Poznato je da je takva klasifikacija i dalje prisutna u glavama većine ljudi, odnosno, gotovo svih onih kojima profesija ili područje zanimanja ne nalaže bliži doticaj s kemijom. Stoga je za pretpostaviti da bi takvima i sam spomen organskih molekula na nebeskim tijelima nužno bio asocijacija na ostvarenje znanstvene fantastike ili pak na nemoguć događaj, ovisno o tome vjeruje li osoba u postojanje života na drugim planetama ili ne. No, iznenađujuća je činjenica da u svemiru ipak prevladavaju organske molekule. U ovome radu dan je sažetak organskih spojeva na nebeskim tijelima i u međuzvjezdanom prostoru u svrhu upoznavanja čitatelja s čitavom paletom složenih organskih spojeva koji postoje u Svemiru i koji, kao takvi golicaju maštu za buduća istraživanja koja bi trebala odgovoriti na izuzetno zanimljiva pitanja, kao što su: Kako zvijezde i galaksije uspijevaju sintetizirati toliko veliku količinu organskih tvari? Ili pitanje svih pitanja: Je li možda ispravna pretpostavka da je život ipak došao iz svemira u obliku mikroskopskih organizama prisutnih na meteoritima ili česticama prašine koji su nekako preživjeli svoj udar na Zemlju? Jer kako se čini, dijelovi potrebni za izgradnju aminokiselina i nukleobaza rasprostranjeni su diljem svemira te vrlo lako opstaju u jako teškim uvjetima okoline. Kako svemirska tehnologija sve više napreduje, logično je nadati se da će neka buduća istraživanja dati odgovore i na ta velika pitanja.

Abstract (english)

Organic compounds are compounds that contain carbon. The exception is compounds that are classified as inorganic or complex compounds, such as, for example, graphite or diamond. In the past, according to the vitalist theory, only compounds that can occur in living organisms were classified as organic compounds. It is known that such a classification is still present in the minds of most people, that is, almost all those whose profession or field of occupation does not require close contact with chemistry. Therefore, it can be assumed that for such people, the mere mention of organic molecules on celestial bodies would necessarily be an association with the realization of science fiction or an impossible event, depending on whether a person believes in the existence of life on other planets or not. But the surprising fact is that organic molecules still predominate in the Universe. In this paper, a summary of organic compounds on celestial bodies and in interstellar space is given in order to introduce the reader to the whole range of complex organic compounds that exist in the Universe and which, as such, tickle the imagination for future research that should answer extremely interesting questions, such as: How do stars and galaxies manage to synthesize such a large amount of organic matter? Or the question of all questions: Is it perhaps correct to assume that life did come from Space in the form of microscopic organisms present on meteorites or dust particles that somehow survived their impact on Earth? Because as it seems, the parts necessary for the construction of amino acids and nucleobases are spread throughout the Universe and survive very easily in very harsh environmental conditions. As space technology continues to advance, it is logical to hope that some future research will provide answers to these big questions as well.

• Keywords: organski spojevi; nebeska tijela; međuzvjezdani prostor; život; svemirska tehnologija; teleskopi; spektrometrijska analiza
• Keywords (english): organic compounds; celestial bodies; interstellar space; life; space technology; telescopes; spectrometric analysis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:577135
• Study programme: Title: Chemical Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-03-01 10:08:10