Karakterizacija pirolitičkih ulja

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Characterization of pyrolysis oils
• Author: Antonija Lazinica
• Mentor: Marin Kovačić (mentor)
• Committee member: Marin Kovačić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana Lončarić Božić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana Vrsalović Presečki (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Biomasa uključuje tvari organskog podrijetla i predstavlja jedan od najsloženijih sustava iz kojeg se može dobiti obnovljiva energija. Metode pretvorbe biomase koje se koriste za dobivanje energije uključuju pirolizu, rasplinjavanje, ukapljivanje i izravno izgaranje. Povećanjem upotrebe biomase kao izvora energije rješavaju se problemi onečišćenja okoliša štetnim plinovima, a samim time čuva se i zdravlje ljudi. Piroliza je postupak termokemijskog razlaganja koji se odvija bez prisustva kisika. Produkti koje je moguće dobiti putem pirolize mogu se općenito podijeliti na kruti ostatak (ugljik, pepeo), plinove (CO, CO2, CH4, H2 i drugi laki ugljikovodici) te pare ili tekućine (aromati, voda, katran itd.). Pirolitičko ulje predstavlja tekući produkt nastao pirolizom biomase. Svojstva dobivenih bioulja ponajviše ovise o vrsti odabrane biomase i radnim uvjetima, a ono se posebno ističe po povećanoj gustoći, razdvajanju proizvodnje te jednostavnosti transporta i uporabe zbog čega su naširoko rasprostranjena u komercijalnoj uporabi. U tu svrhu koriste se analitičke metode poput plinske kromatografije spregnute s masenom spektrometrijom, spektroskopije nuklearne magnetske rezonancije, Fourierove infracrvene spektroskopije, termogravimetrijske analize te drugih. Analiza pirolitičkih ulja predstavlja nekoliko izazova i ograničenja koja se mogu pripisati prisutnosti reaktivnih kemijskih vrsta i drugih molekula velike molekulske mase dobivenih pirolitičkim putem.

Abstract (english)

Biomass includes substances of organic origin and is one of the most complex systems from which renewable energy can be obtained. Biomass conversion methods used to generate energy include pyrolysis, gasification, liquefaction, and direct combustion. Increasing the use of biomass as an energy source solves the problems of environmental pollution with harmful gases, and thus preserves human health. Pyrolysis is a process of thermochemical decomposition that takes place without the presence of oxygen. Products that can be obtained by pyrolysis can generally be divided into solid residue (carbon, ash), gases (CO, CO2, CH4, H2 and other light hydrocarbons) and vapors or liquids (aromatics, water, tar, etc.). Pyrolytic oil is a liquid product formed by pyrolysis of biomass. The properties of the obtained bio-oils mostly depend on the type of selected biomass and working conditions, and it is especially emphasized by the increased density, separation of production and ease of transport and use, which is why they are widely used in commercial use. For this purpose, analytic methods such as gas chromatography with mass spectrometry, spectrometry of nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis can be utilized. The analysis of pyrolytic oils presents several challenges and limitations that can be attributed to the presence of reactive chemical species and other high molecular weight molecules obtained by the pyrolytic route.

• Keywords: biomasa; piroliza; pirolitička ulja; FTIR; NMR
• Keywords (english): biomass; pyrolysis; pyrolitic oil; FTIR; NMR
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:986719
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2023-04-06 12:38:04