Neravnotežna termodinamika u kemijskim procesima

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Non-equilibrium thermodynamics in chemical processes
• Author: Patricija Hršak
• Mentor: Vladimir Dananić (mentor)
• Committee member: Vladimir Dananić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Andrej Vidak (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Igor Sutlović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Physics

Abstract

Cilj ovog rada je napraviti pregled principa neravnotežne termodinamike, koja se veže uz nepovratne procese. Ona svoje uporište pronalazi u ravnotežnoj termodinamici, a posebice u drugom zakonu termodinamike, koji se u ovom slučaju promatra na lokalnoj razini te se, osim na izolirane, primjenjuje i na otvorene sustave. Od velike je važnosti koncept entropije; njena promjena se više ne proučava samo u prostoru, već i u vremenu, zbog čega se uvode novi pojmovi prirasta (proizvodnje) entropije i jednadžbe stabilnosti entropije. Objašnjavaju se ključni principi neravnotežne termodinamike: Onsagerov zakon recipročnosti te Prigogineovo načelo minimalnog prirasta entropije. Na kraju se neravnotežna termodinamika primjenjuje za analizu pojedinačnih i povezanih transportnih procesa te kemijskih reakcija.

Abstract (english)

The aim of this paper is to review the principles of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, which is associated with irreversible processes. It finds its foothold in equilibrium thermodynamics, and especially in the second law of thermodynamics, which, in this case, is observed at a local scale and, in addition to isolated, is also applied to open systems. Of great importance is the concept of entropy; its change is no longer studied only in space, but also in time, which is why new notions of entropy production and entropy balance equations are introduced. The key principles of non-equilibrium thermodynamics are explained: Onsager's law of reciprocity and Prigogine's principle of minimum entropy production. Finally,
non-equilibrium thermodynamics is applied to the analysis of individual and coupled transport processes and chemical reactions.

• Keywords: neravnotežna termodinamika; prirast entropije; nepovratni procesi; Onsagerovi recipročni odnosi; Prigogineovo načelo; kemijske reakcije; transportni procesi
• Keywords (english): non-equilibrium thermodynamics; entropy production; irreversible processes; Onsager's reciprocal relations; Prigogine principle; chemical reactions; transport processes
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:029196
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-05-04 09:13:31