Određivanje ksenobiotika u sedimentu za kromatografsku analizu

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Determination of xenobiotics in the sediment for chromatographic analysis
• Author: Ivana Hlevnjak
• Mentor: Danijela Ašperger (mentor)
• Committee member: Danijela Ašperger (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dragana Vuk (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Martina Biošić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Chemistry

Abstract

Prisutnost stranih spojeva (ksenobiotika) u okolišu može loše utjecati na cijeli ekosustav. Jedna grupa takvih spojeva su farmaceutici, koji pripadaju „novim zagađivalima“, jer im se dosada nije pridavala velika važnost kao potencijalnim onečišćivačima okoliša. Vrlo se malo zna o njihovom ponašanju i sudbini u okolišu. Neki literaturni podaci su pokazali da se utjecaj farmaceutika ispitivao na različitim uzorcima iz okoliša, poput vode, mulja i tla. U ovome radu utjecaj farmaceutika ispitivan je na sedimentu. Sediment prethodno nije bio tretiran farmaceuticima. Farmaceutici koji su ekstrahirani iz uzorka sedimenta pripadaju različitim grupama lijekova: antibiotici (cefdinir, nitrofurantoin), antiemetici (metoklopramid), antihelmintici (albendazol, febantel, prazikvantel) i kemoterapeutici (hidroksiklorokin). Kako bi se navedeni farmaceutici izdvojili iz uzorka sedimenta, koristile su se metode ekstrakcije, koje su brze, jednostavne te koriste malu količinu uzorka i otapala. Optimirale su se ultrazvučna ekstrakcija (USE) i ekstrakcija raspršenjem matice uzorka kroz čvrstu fazu (MSPD). Neki od parametara koji su se optimirali su masa uzorka sedimenta, vrsta ekstrakcijskog otapala i vrsta otapala za rekonstrukciju. Analiza dobivenih ekstrakata provela se tekućinskom kromatografijom visoke djelotvornosti s detektorom s nizom dioda (HPLC-DAD), kako bi se identificirali spomenuti farmaceutici.

Abstract (english)

The presence of foreign compounds (xenobiotics) in the environment can badly affect the entire ecosystem. One group of such compounds are pharmaceuticals, which belong to "new pollutants" because they have not been given much importance so far as potential environmental pollutants. Very little is known about their environmental behavior and fate. Some literature data have shown that the impact of pharmaceuticals has been tested on various environmental samples, such as water, sludge and soil, and in this experiment the impact of pharmaceuticals has been tested on sediment. The sediment has not previously been contaminated by pharmaceuticals. Pharmaceuticals extracted from sediment sample belong to different drug classes: antibiotics (cefdinir, nitrofurantoin), antiemetics (metoclopramide), antihelmintics (albendazole, febantel, praziquantel) and chemoterapeutic agents (hydroxychloroquine). Extraction methods were used to isolate the aforementioned pharmaceuticals from the sediment sample because they are fast, simple and use small amount of sample and solvents. Ultrasound extraction (USE) and matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) were optimized. Some of the parameters that have been optimized are sediment sample mass, type of extraction solvent and type of reconstruction solvent. The analysis of the extracts obtained was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) to identify mentioned pharmaceuticals.

• Keywords: farmaceutici; sediment; ultrazvučna ekstrakcija (USE); raspršenje matice uzorka kroz čvrstu fazu (MSPD); tekućinska kromatografija visoke djelotvornosti (HPLC)
• Keywords (english): pharmaceuticals; sediment; ultrasound extraction (USE); matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD); high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:054563
• Study programme: Title: Chemical Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2023-05-10 10:56:45