Postupci pripreme otpadnih polimernih materijala za recikliranje

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Preparation procedures of waste polymer materials for recycling
• Author: Lorena Kostelac
• Mentor: Ljerka Kratofil Krehula (mentor)
• Committee member: Ljerka Kratofil Krehula (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vanja Gilja (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Igor Sutlović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Zbog široke primjene polimernih materijala, stvaraju se sve veće količine polimernog otpada kojega je potrebno zbrinuti na ispravan način. Većinu polimernih materijala moguće je reciklirati čime se prije svega štiti okoliš i zdravlje ljudi, a uz to se štedi energija i resursi te ostvaruje ekonomska dobit. Međutim, da bi se polimere moglo uspješno reciklirati, otpadni materijal prethodno je potrebno pripremiti. U ovom su radu opisani postupci prikupljanja, razvrstavanja, mljevenja i pranja polimernog otpada prije procesa recikliranja. Prikupljanje i razvrstavanje započinje već na samom mjestu nastanka otpada, bilo u kućanstvu ili industriji. Budući da se većina polimernog otpada prikuplja zajedno, a različiti polimerni materijali međusobno nisu kompatibilni, potrebno ih je razdvojiti kako bi se mogli reciklirati. Polimerni otpad može se razvrstavati ručno ili automatizirano pomoću strojeva. Ručno razvrstavanje zahtijeva ljudsku radnu snagu i stoga je manje ekonomski isplativo. Strojno razvrstavanje koristi fizikalna, kemijska, optička, spektroskopska i električna svojstva polimera za razdvajanje polimernog otpada. Razvrstani polimerni otpad potrebno je usitniti pomoću različitih strojeva za usitnjavanje i nakon toga oprati od zaostalih nečistoća u procesu pranja polimernog otpadnog materijala. Nakon toga je polimerni otpad moguće reciklirati. Bez dobre pripreme polimernog otpadnog materijala nije moguće dobiti kvalitetan reciklirani materijal, a potom ni proizvod. Upravo se zbog toga velika pozornost posvećuje kvalitetnoj pripremi polimernog otpadnog materijala.

Abstract (english)

Due to the widespread use of polymer materials, increasing amounts of polymer waste are being generated and must be properly disposed. Polymer materials are mostly recyclable, which protects the environment and human health. It has also a great influence on saving energy and natural resources what at the end leads to economic profit. In order to successfully recycle polymers, it is necessary to prepare waste material first. This paper describes the procedures of collecting, sorting, grinding and washing polymer waste before the recycling process. Collecting and sorting begins at the place where the waste is generated, whether in the household or in industry. The different types of polymer waste are collected together and the different polymer materials are not compatible with each other. For that reason it is necessary to separate them so that they can be then recycled. Polymer waste can be sorted manually or automatically using different machines. Manual sorting requires a human workforce, therefore it is less economically profitable. Machine sorting uses the physical, chemical, optical, spectroscopic and electrical properties of polymers to separate polymer waste. The sorted polymer waste needs to be grained using various grinding machines and then washed to remove the residual impurities in the process of washing. The polymer waste can be recycled after that process. Without good preparation of the polymer waste material, it is not possible to obtain a quality recycled material and product. For this reason, large attention is given to the good preparation of polymer waste material.

• Keywords: polimerni otpad; prikupljanje polimernog otpada; razvrstavanje polimernog otpada; recikliranje
• Keywords (english): polymer waste; collection of polymer waste; sorting of polymer waste; recycling
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:724294
• Study programme: Title: Materials Science and Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2023-05-24 09:46:49