Prisilna razgradnja emtricitabina i ribavirina

master's thesis

• Title (english): Forced degradation study of emtricitabine and ribavirin
• Author: Roberta Hofer
• Mentor: Šime Ukić (mentor)
• Committee member: Šime Ukić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Matija Cvetnić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dajana Kučić Grgić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-06-29, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Chemistry

Abstract

Razvoj brojnih farmaceutika i njihova primjena u medicini imaju značajan utjecaj na poboljšanje kvalitete ljudskog života. Nažalost, tijekom proizvodnje ili uslijed korištenja, dio farmaceutika dospijeva u okoliš zbog čega je bitno poznavati ponašanje farmaceutika u različitim ekosustavima. Pokazalo se da farmaceutici, njihovi metaboliti i razgradni (nus)produkti, ukoliko su prisutni u većim količinama, imaju dugoročne negativne učinke na ekosustave. Ponekad su metaboliti i razgradni produkti toksičniji od inicijalne molekule farmaceutika zbog čega je također potrebno poznavati puteve njihove razgradnje. Cilj ovog rada je bio provesti testove prisilne razgradnje emtricitabina i ribavirina tekućinskom kromatografijom visoke djelotvornosti te tako dobiti predodžbu što se zbiva s navedenim spojevima u okolišu. Emtricitabin i ribavirin podvrgnuti su neutralnoj, lužnatoj i kiseloj hidrolizi, fotolizi, prisilnoj razgradnji s oksidansom te termičkoj razgradnji. Za oba farmaceutika su razvijene i validirane HPLC metode. Za razvijene metode utvrđena je linearnost uz koeficijent determinacije veći od 0,99 te analitički povrat u granicama 70-130%. Preciznosti metoda su veoma dobre uz relativna standardna odstupanja manja od 2%.

Abstract (english)

The development of various pharmaceuticals and their active use in medicine greatly improve the quality of people's lives. However, the intensive use of pharmaceuticals also has a bad side. Unfortunately, the production or use of pharmaceuticals releases certain amounts of these chemicals into the environment, so it is important to know the behavior of pharmaceuticals in different ecosystems. Pharmaceuticals, their metabolites, and degradation (by) products have been shown to have long-term adverse effects on ecosystems. Sometimes the metabolites and degradation products themselves are more toxic than the original pharmaceutical, so it is necessary to know the degradation pathways. The aim of this work was to conduct the forced degradation study on emtricitabine and ribavirin to see what is potentially happening with the above compounds in the environment. Emtricitabine and ribavirin undergo neutral hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis, photolysis, forced degradation with an oxidizing agent, and thermal degradation. The LC methods were developed and validated for each pharmaceutical. For both methods developed, linearity was confirmed with a coefficient of determination greater than 0.99, and analytical recoveries were within 70-130%. The precisions of the methods were very good with relative standard deviations of less than 2%.

• Keywords: farmaceutici; okoliš; prisilna razgradnja; kromatografija
• Keywords (english): pharmaceuticals; environment; forced degradation; chromatography
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:111425
• Study programme: Title: Applied Chemistry - Graduate study; specializations in: Environmental chemistry and green technologies, Advanced materials and technologies, Applied organic chemistry; Course: Applied organic chemistry; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra primijenjene kemije (magistar/magistra primijenjene kemije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-07-26 09:47:25