Elektrodijaliza - pregled stanja

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Electrodialysis - state of the art
• Author: Miroslav Štos
• Mentor: Krešimir Košutić (mentor)
• Committee member: Krešimir Košutić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Davor Dolar (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Krunoslav Žižek (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2017-09-21, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering; Environmental Protection in Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Otpadne vode predstavljaju velik problem za okoliš jer svojim odlaganjem na njega uvelike utječu. Zato je često potrebno ukloniti određene kontaminante iz vode kako bi se ona mogla ispustiti iz sustava, ali i ponovno koristiti kao tehnološka voda ili čak kao voda za piće, ovisno o početnoj sirovini. U ovom radu opisan je jedan od načina uklanjanja tih kontaminanata, membranska operacija elektrodijaliza. Kako bi se dobila šira slika o važnosti te metode separacije, opisane su također i druge membranske operacije: mikrofiltracija, ultrafiltracija, nanofiltracija i reverzna osmoza, kao i osnovni pojmovi otpadnih voda i membrana općenito. Budući da je reverzna osmoza direktan konkurent elektrodijalizi, kratko su opisane prednosti i mane elektrodijalize u usporedbi s reverznom osmozom. Detaljno je opisan proces elektrodijalize, krenuvši od povijesnog razvoja, općenitog prikaza, principa rada, konfiguracije opreme te se nastavlja s membranama, elektrodama, vrstama elektrodijalize s obzirom na način rada te primjenama elektrodijalize. Pokazano je kako se elektrodijaliza u posljednjih 50 godina dosta razvila i postala konkurentna ostalim metodama separacije, ne samo onima mebranskog tipa. Naravno, potrebno je još istraživanja kako bi se optimizirao proces i kako bi se pronašle još neke moguće primjene elektrodijalize.

Abstract (english)

Wastewater are presenting a major problem for the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to remove certain contaminats in order to release the water from the system or to reuse it as a process water or potable water, depending on the quality of the feed. It is presented in this work one of the ways to eliminate certain contaminants, membrane operation elctrodialysis. To get a broader picture, other membrane operations of separation such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis are explained in this thesis, as well as basic concepts of wastewater and membranes. Since the reverce osmosis is the major competitor to the electrodialysis, this thesis also talks about advantages and disadvantages of electrodialysis in reference to the reverse osmosis. Process of electrodialysis is explained in detail, starting from the historical background, general description, operating regimes, stack configuration, and continuing with membranes, electrodes, types of electrodialysis regarding to the operating regime and applications of electrodialysis. It is shown how the electrodialysis developed within last 50 years and became competitive to the other methods of separation, not just the ones that use membranes. More research is still necessary in order to optimize the process and also to find other potential applications of electrodialysis.

• Keywords: elektrodijaliza; reverzna elektrodijaliza; bipolarna elektrodijaliza; membrana za ionsku izmjenu; kation; anion
• Keywords (english): electrodialysis; reverse electrodialysis; bipolar electrodialysis; ion-exchange membrane; cation; anion
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:300312
• Study programme: Title: Materials Science and Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-03-23 09:29:06