Razgradnja diklofenaka u vodi direktnom fotolizom uz različite tipove izvora zračenja

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Degradation of diclofenac in water by direct photolysis using different irradiation sources
• Author: Žaklina Đuranec
• Mentor: Hrvoje Kušić (mentor)
• Committee member: Hrvoje Kušić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana Lončarić Božić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sandra Babić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015-09-14, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering; Environmental Protection in Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Sve veća prisutnost različitih onečišćujućih tvari, pa tako i lijekova, tj.farmaceutika
u vodi, izaziva zabrinutost stručnjaka ali i cjelokupne javnosti. Primjena farmaceutika u
današnjem životu je vrlo česta, te oni negdje u konačnici moraju završiti. Dio njih završi u
prijemnicima putem otpadnih voda, dio putem metabolita. Za velik dio farmaceutika još
uvijek nisu razvijene adekvatne metode uklanjanja, što je naravno, potrebno unaprijediti.
Posljednjih se godina sve više unaprjeđuju napredni oksidacijski procesi (AOP), putem
kojih se učinkovito mogu ukloniti različita onečišćivala. Na novu listu prioritetnih
onečišćivala je između ostaloga uvršten i diklofenak (DCF), te je time označen kao
prioritetna opasna tvar. Stoga je potrebno detaljnije razmotriti svojstva diklofenaka,
njegovu prisutnost i zadržavanje u prijemnicima, učinak na okoliš, kao i mogućnosti
njegova uklanjanja i razgradnje, što je proučavano u ovom radu.
Konkretno se u ovom radu proučavala učinkovitost razgradnje DCF-a primjenom
direktne fotolize uz UV-A365 i UV-C254 tipove zračenja. Utvrđeno je da se diklofenak brže
i uspješnije razgrađuje uz pomoć UV-C254 zračenja, gdje je postignuto njegovo potpuno
uklanjanje za samo 9 minuta, dok je uz pomoć UV-A365 zračenja za isti učinak bilo
potrebno čak 29 sati. Nadalje, utvrđeno je da kinetika mineralizacije uz UV-C zračenje ima
pseudo-linearni trend. Također je utvrđeno da otopina DCF-a nije biorazgradiva s obzirom
da je omjer BPK5/KPK=0.043, koji bi za biorazgradivu otopinu iznosio ≥0,4. Također,
pokazalo se da se primjenom direktne fotolize biorazgradivost ne mijenja značajno, te da
isto tako da ne dolazi niti do smanjenja toksičnosti, iako trend promjene ukazuje na
mogućnost smanjenja produljenjem vremena obrada u oba slučaja.

Abstract (english)

The presence of various pollutants, including pharmaceuticals, in water increases
continuously, causing the serious concern of water experts and scientists, but general
public as well. The application of pharmaceuticals in every day life is very spread, and in
such manner, their concentrations in environment increase as well. As pharmaceuticals
pertain to the class of new pollutants, the methods for their removal from the environment
are still under development. Recently, the application of advanced oxidation processes is
under consideration to be further developed and integrated in the water purification system
with the goal to remove pharmaceuticals. The latest EU Directive from the water quality
and management sector, which includes the list of 45 priority substances, classified
diclofenac (DCF) as “new potential priority substances” by including it to the “watch list”.
Hence, the environmental fate and behavior of DCF, as well as effective treatment methods
for its complete removal should be investigated, which was actually the topic of this work.
Within this work, the effectiveness of direct photolysis, applying UV-C and UV-A
irradiation sources, for DCF degradation was investigated. It was established that DCF
photolysis kinetics is much faster under UV-C irradiation; 9 minutes was necessary to
completely degrade DCF in water. On the other hand, in the case of UV-A light 29 hours
was needed for the same result. Furthermore, the mineralization followed pseudo-linear
trend, indicating on the zero-order kinetics in the investigated treatment period. The initial
DCF solution was nonbiodegradable with BOD5/COD ratio of 0.043, far below
biodegradability limit of 0.4. It was established that photolytic treatment did not improve
DCF biodegradability during the observed treatment period, while in the case of toxicity
certain changes during the treatment indicated on the nature of formed by-products and
their correlation with the overall toxicity.

• Keywords: diklofenak; UV fotoliza; kinetika; biorazgradivost; toksičnost
• Keywords (english): diclofenac; UV photolysis; kinetics; biodegradability; toxicity
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:397905
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2016-11-24 14:23:07