Obrada kafilerijske otpadne vode membranskim tehnologijama

master's thesis

• Title (english): Membrane treatment of wastewater from rendering plant
• Author: Klaudija Obajdin
• Mentor: Krešimir Košutić (mentor)
• Committee member: Krešimir Košutić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Danijela Ašperger (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Davor Dolar (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-04-30, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Kafilerijska postrojenja prilikom obrade nusprodukata animalnog porijekla troše velike količine vode. U duhu cirkularne ekonomije, umjesto dosadašnjeg trenda ispuštanja obrađenih i neobrađenih otpadnih voda u prirodne prijemnike, stavlja se naglasak na ponovnu uporabu pročišćene vode unutar postrojenja. Središnji cilj ovog rada bila je oporaba kafilerijske otpadne vode (KOV) u svrhu dobivanja vode za generiranje vodene pare u parnim kotlovima te vode za pranje podova i uređaja unutar postrojenja. Obrada KOV-a provedena je pomoću tlačnih membranskih procesa, ultrafiltracije (UF), nanofiltracije (NF) i reverzne osmoze (RO). Pritom je UF poslužila kao predtretman NF/RO procesima kako bi se smanjilo membransko blokiranje. Korištene su UF membrane sa šupljikavim vlaknima (modul ZW–1) te membrane u obliku ravne plahte (MW). Pomoću ZW–1 membrane smanjen je pad fluksa u finalnom postupku s NF270 membranom za 67,0 %, s NF90 membranom za 1,6 %, te kod RO XLE membrane za 38,0 %. S druge strane, pomoću UF ravne MW membrane pad fluksa smanjen za 72,4 % kod NF270, 50,1 % kod NF90 te za 68,1 % kod XLE membrane. Prema tome, najveće smanjenje membranskog blokiranja pomoću UF predtretmana postignuto je s ravnom MW membranom. Modeli modificirani za ukriženo strujanje ukazuju na dominaciju umjerenog i potpunog membranskog blokiranja dok je organski karakter blokirajućeg sloja potvrđen FTIR analizom. Usporedbom dobivenih rezultata s postojećim zakonskim regulativama utvrđeno je da permeat nakon obrade XLE membranom zadovoljava sve parametre te se može koristiti u parnim kotlovima za generiranje vodene pare dok permeat nakon UF MW zadovoljava kvalitetu vode potrebne za pranje podova i vozila unutar postrojenja. Istraživanje je pokazalo da kombinacija UF MW i RO XLE membrane daje najbolje rezultate u pogledu kvalitete permeata prilikom obrade SE kafilerijskog postrojenja uz najmanji intenzitet membranskog blokiranja.

Abstract (english)

In the processing of the animal by-products, rendering plants consume large amounts of potable water. In the spirit of circular economy, the emphasis is placed on the reuse of purified water within the plant, instead of the current trend of discharging wastewater into natural surface waters. The main objective of this paper is the recovery of rendering plant wastewater for steam generation and washing factory floors and vehicles. The treatment of rendering plant wastewater was performed by pressure membrane processes, namely ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), and reverse osmosis (RO). UF served as a pre-treatment method for NF/RO processes to minimize membrane fouling. Two types of UF membranes were used: ZW – 1 hollow fiber membrane module and MW flat sheet membrane. ZW – 1 reduced the flux decline by 67.0 % for NF270, 1.6 % for NF90, and 38.0 % for XLE; while MW reduced the flux decline by 72.4 % for NF270, 50.1 % for NF90 and 68.1 % for XLE. According to the data, the best results in terms of fouling resistance were achieved for NF270 and XLE membranes. Modified cross-flow models showed that predominant fouling mechanisms were partial and complete pore blocking while the organic character of the fouling layer was confirmed by FTIR analysis. By comparing the obtained results with existing regulations, it has been found that XLE permeate satisfies the requirements for steam generation feed water while UF MW permeate can be reused for washing purpose in the rendering plant. The research has shown that the combination of UF MW and RO XLE gives the best results in terms of membrane fouling and permeate quality.

• Keywords: kafilerijska otpadna voda; oporaba vode; ultrafiltracija; nanofiltracija; reverzna osmoza
• Keywords (english): rendering plant wastewater; water reclamation; ultrafiltration; nanofiltration; reverse osmosis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:034071
• Project: Number: PKP-2016-06-8522; Title: Izravna oporaba komunalne otpadne vode za navodnjavanje membranskim tehnologijama; Acronym: ReHOHMem; Leader: Davor Dolar; Jurisdiction: Croatia; Funder: HRZZ; Funding stream: PKP
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Engineering - Graduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2022-02-26 12:41:03