Biorazgradnja mikroplastike gljivama

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Biodegradation of microplastics by fungi
• Author: Petra Soldo
• Mentor: Dajana Kučić Grgić (mentor)
• Committee member: Dajana Kučić Grgić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vesna Ocelić Bulatović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lidija Furač (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-09, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

U današnje vrijeme sve više se koristi plastika u svakodnevnom životu, a odbačena plastika predstavlja prijetnju okolišu. Degradacijom plastike u okolišu nastaju sitne čestice plastike, koje se nazivaju mikroplastika. Za razgradnju mikroplastike potrebno je nekoliko desetljeća. Procesi recikliranja i spaljivanja ne predstavljaju održiva rješenja za zbrinjavanje plastičnog otpada, stoga je potreban razvoj novih tehnologija za upravljanje otpadom. U usporedbi s drugim procesima razgradnje, biorazgradnja se smatra učinkovitim procesom razgradnje mikroplastike. Proces biorazgradnje je ekološki prihvatljiv i ekonomski isplativ. Biorazgradnja sintetičkih polimera je vrlo spor proces koji uključuje djelovanje okolišnih čimbenika i mikrobnih vrsta. Pri biorazgradnji mikroplastike, mikroorganizmi poput gljiva imaju važnu ulogu, oni izlučuju enzime, kao što su peroksidaza i lakaza, koji dodatno pospješuju razgradnju. Poznato je nekoliko rodova gljiva, koje imaju sposobnost biorazgradnje mikroplastike, a to su: Aspergiluss, Penicillium, Fusarium, itd. Prema nekim istraživanjima razgradnja mikroplastike je učinkovitija kada su fotodegradacijski i termodegradacijski procesi uključeni istovremeno u proces biorazgradnje. U ovom radu dati će se pregledni dio o vrstama plastike, fizikalno-kemijskim i biološkim procesima biorazgradnje mikroplastike.

Abstract (english)

Nowadays, more and more plastic is used in everyday life, and discarded plastic poses a threat to the environment. When plastic decomposes in the environment, it produces small plastic particles called microplastics. It takes several decades for microplastics to break down. Recycling and incineration are not sustainable solutions for managing plastic waste, so the development of new waste management and remediation technologies is needed. Compared to other degradation processes, biodegradation is effective and best method for degrading plastics because it does not cause pollution and is cost effective. Biodegradation of synthetic plastics is a very slow process in which environmental factors and the action of microbial species also play a role. Fungi play an important role in the biodegradation of microplastics as they secrete degradative enzymes such as peroxidases and laccases that can cause effective degradation. Some known species that show effective degradation of microplastics are Aspergillus, Pencillium, Fusarium, etc. Some studies state that the degradation of plastics was more effective when photodegradation and oxidative mechanisms were simultaneously involved in biodegradation. This study will provide an overview of the types of plastics and the abiotic and biotic processes of microplastic biodegradation.

• Keywords: mikroplastika; biorazgradnja; gljive; enzimi
• Keywords (english): microplastics; biodegradation; fungi; enzymes
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:813663
• Project: Number: IP-2019-04-9661; Title: Primjena naprednih tehnologija obrade voda za uklanjanje mikroplastike; Title: Advanced Water Treatment Technologies for Microplastics Removal; Acronym: AdWaTMiR; Leader: Tomislav Bolanča; Jurisdiction: Croatia; Funder: HRZZ; Funding stream: IP
• Study programme: Title: Materials Science and Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-03-14 09:33:18