Utjecaj materijala plitica na učinkovitost kontinuiranog pročišćavanja biodizela

master's thesis

• Title (english): The influence of tray material on the efficiency of continuous biodiesel purification
• Author: Patricija Hršak
• Mentor: Aleksandra Sander (mentor)
• Committee member: Aleksandra Sander (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasna Prlić Kardum (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Domagoj Vrsaljko (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-09-28, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Povećano iscrpljivanje postojećih zaliha fosilnih goriva i s time povezano pogoršanje stanja okoliša doveli su do potrebe za razvojem alternativnih, ekološki prihvatljivih i ekonomski isplativih izvora energije. Kao potencijalno rješenje tih problema javljaju se biogoriva proizvedena iz održivih sirovina, poput biljnih ulja i životinjskih masti. Biodizel se posebno ističe kao čista i učinkovita zamjena za dizel na bazi nafte. Međutim, prije upotrebe kao krajnjeg proizvoda, potrebno je postići zadovoljavajuću kvalitetu biodizela. Stoga je vrlo važan proces njegova pročišćavanja, tijekom kojeg se uklanjaju prisutni nusproizvodi i nečistoće. U ovom radu je provedeno kontinuirano pročišćavanje biodizela dobivenog transesterifikacijom pomoću metanola i uz lužnati katalizator KOH pri 60 °C. Kao sirovina za biodizel je korišteno otpadno jestivo ulje koje je osigurao licencirani sakupljač Agroproteinka d.o.o. U svrhu pročišćavanja je provedena kontinuirana ekstrakcija pri sobnoj temperaturi pomoću niskotemperaturnog eutektičkog otapala kolin-klorid/etilen-glikol u molarnom omjeru 1:2,5. Ekstrakcija se odvijala u koloni s pulzirajućim pliticama (Karrovoj koloni), a korištene su plitice jednake geometrije izrađene od dvaju različitih materijala: čelika i polietilen tereftalata obogaćenog glikolom (PETG). Ispitan je utjecaj materijala plitica na učinkovitost ekstrakcije glicerola i glicerida iz sirovog biodizela. Također je ispitan utjecaj omjera otapala i biodizela te frekvencije pulzacija plitica. Kvalitativna analiza sirovine, sirovog i pročišćenog biodizela obuhvaćala je FTIR i NMR spektroskopiju, a za kvantitativnu analizu korištena je tehnika plinske kromatografije.

Abstract (english)

Increased depletion of existing fossil fuel reserves and the associated deterioration of the environment have led to the need for the development of alternative, environmentally acceptable and economically feasible energy sources. Biofuels produced from sustainable feedstocks, such as vegetable oils and animal fats, represent a promising solution to these problems. Due to its beneficial properties, biodiesel stands out as a clean and efficient substitute for petroleum-based diesel. However, before its use as a final product, it is necessary to achieve a satisfactory quality of biodiesel. Therefore, the process of biodiesel purification, during which the present by-products and impurities are removed, is essential. In this paper, continuous biodiesel purification was carried out. Biodiesel was obtained by transesterification using methanol and with the alkaline catalyst KOH at 60 °C. Waste cooking oil provided by the licensed collector Agroproteinka d.o.o. was used as feedstock. For purification, continuous extraction was carried out at room temperature using deep eutectic solvent choline-chloride/ethylene-glycol in a molar ratio of 1:2,5. The extraction took place in a reciprocating plate column (Karr column). Plates of the same geometry made of two different materials, steel and polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), were used. The influence of plate material on the extraction efficiency of glycerol and glycerides from crude biodiesel was examined. The extraction efficiency was also influenced by the solvent to biodiesel ratio and the pulsation frequency of the plates. Qualitative analysis of raw material, crude and refined biodiesel included FTIR and NMR spectroscopy, and gas chromatography was applied for quantitative analysis.

• Keywords: biodizel; otpadno ulje; kolonska ekstrakcija; plitice; niskotemperaturna eutektička otapala
• Keywords (english): biodiesel; waste oil; column extraction; plates; deep eutectic solvents
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:871752
• Project: Number: KK.01.1.1.04.0070; Title: Razvoj sustava za ispitivanje višefaznih strujanja i izgaranja s ciljem povećanja istraživačkih aktivnosti znanstvenog i poslovnog sektora; Acronym: RESIN; Leader: Milan Vujanović; Jurisdiction: Croatia; Funder: MRRFEU; Funding stream: Nema
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Engineering - Graduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-03-28 09:30:10