Ekstrakcija eteričnih ulja iz citrusa

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Extraction of essential oils from citruses
• Author: Ivana Špiljak
• Mentor: Aleksandra Sander (mentor)
• Committee member: Aleksandra Sander (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dajana Kučić Grgić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Maja Bival Štefan (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-23, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Eterična ulja citrusa su mješavina ponajviše hlapljivih komponenata poput terpena, mono- i seskviterpena, etera, estera, aldehida i ketona, koji su zaslužni za mirisna i bioaktivna svojstva takvih ulja. U ovom radu korištene su 3 vrste citrusa, limun (Citrus × limon), slatka naranča (Citrus × sinensis) i pomelo (Citrus grandis) iz kojih se pomoću metode hidrodestilacije i ekstrakcije n-heksanom izoliralo eterično ulje iz kore navedenih citrusa. Sastav ovih eteričnih ulja bio je analiziran tankoslojnom kromatografijom (TLC), plinskom kromatografijom s masenom spektrometrijom (GC-MS) i infracrvenom spektroskopijom (FT-IR). Utvrđeno je da su glavne komponente ovih ulja d-limonen, β-pinen, γ-terpinen, mircen i linalol. Na temelju rezultata d-limonen bio je glavna sastavnica ulja u postotcima od 60 do 90 posto. Sva ulja podvrgnuta su i mikrobiološkom ispitivanju na aktivnost mikroorganizama Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis i Candida lipolytica. Eterično ulje izolirano iz kore limuna pokazalo je najveće antimikrobno djelovanje na bakteriju i kvasac, međutim ni jedno eterično ulje nije pokazalo djelovanje na bakterijsku kulturu Escherichia coli.

Abstract (english)

Citrus essential oils are a mixture of mostly volatile components such as terpene, mono- and sesquiterpenes, ethers, esters, aldehydes and ketones, which are responsible for the fragrant and bioactive properties of such oils. Three types of citruses, lemon (Citrus × lemon), sweet orange (Citrus × sinensis) and pomelo (Citrus grandis) were used in the present study. The essential oils were extracted from the peel of these citrus fruits using the method of hydrodistillation and extraction with n-hexane. The composition of these essential oils was analyzed by thin layer chromatography (TLC), gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The main components of extracted oils were found to be d-limonene, β-pinene, γ-terpinene, myrcene and linalool. Based on the results, d-limonene was the major component of the oils ranging from 60 to 90 percent. All oils were also put to microbiological testing for the activity against microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Candida lipolytica. The essential oil isolated from lemon peel showed the greatest antimicrobial activity against mentioned bacteria and yeast, however no essential oil showed activity against the bacterial culture of Escherichia coli.

• Keywords: antimikrobno djelovanje; citrusi; d-limonen; ekstrakcija; eterično ulje
• Keywords (english): antimicrobial activity; citrus fruit; d-limonene; extraction; essential oil
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:678221
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-05-09 08:26:31