Oksidacijska desulfurizacija modelne otopine dizelskog goriva uz primjenu ultrazvuka

master's thesis

• Title (english): Oxidative desulfurization of model gasoline with ultrasound
• Author: Lea Crnić
• Mentor: Katica Sertić-Bionda (mentor)
• Committee member: Katica Sertić-Bionda (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sanja Papić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Aleksandra Sander (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015-09-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering; Reaction Engineering

Abstract

Oksidacijska desulfurizacija je proces u kojem se sumporovi spojevi oksidacijom uklanjaju iz naftnih derivata. Sumporovi spojevi su nepoželjni jer su katalitički otrovi, vrlo su korozivni u brojnim procesima preradbe nafte i izgaranjem stvaraju ekološki vrlo štetne kisele plinove. Sukladno tome nužno poboljšanje kvalitete motornih goriva kontinuirano je usmjereno prema smanjenju sadržaja sumpora što je moguće postići različitim postupcima desulfurizacije. Najzastupljenija tehnologija desulfurizacije je hidrodesulfurizacija. Proces oksidacijske desulfurizacije (ODS) razvijen je kao nadopuna procesu hidrodesulfurizacije (HDS). Prednosti ovog procesa su blagi reakcijski uvjeti, atmosferski tlak i temperatura do 100 °C i činjenica da se u ovim procesima ne koristi vodik. Još jedna važna prednost ODS-a je oksidacija tiofenskih spojeva u sulfokside i sulfone koji se mogu lako ukloniti procesom ekstrakcije ili adsorpcije. U ovom radu istražen je utjecaj vremena, temperature, omjera oksidansa i katalizatora, snage ultrazvuka te količine dibenzotiofena i površinski aktivne tvari na proces oksidacijske desulfurizacije modelne otopine dizelskog goriva uz primjenu ultrazvuka. Proces oksidacije proveden je uz dodatak vodikovog peroksida kao oksidansa i octene kiseline kao katalizatora. Nakon procesa oksidacije proveden je proces ekstrakcije s N,N-dimetilformamidom. Analiza sumporovih spojeva nakon procesa oksidacije i ekstrakcije provedena je metodom plinske kromatografije (GC).

Abstract (english)

Oxidative desulfurization is a process in which sulfur compounds are being oxidized and removed from diesel fuels. Sulfur compounds are undesirable because they are catalytic poisons, they are highly corrosive in crude oil processing and they create very environmentally damaging acid gases. It is necessary to continuously improve the quality of motor fuels, primarily towards reduction of sulfur content in diesel fuels which can be achieved by various methods of desulfurization. Hydrodesulfurization is the most common desulfurization technology. The process of oxidative desulfurization (ODS) has been developed as an alternative to the process of hydrodesulfurization (HDS). Advantages are mild reaction conditions, atmospheric pressure and temperatures up to 100 °C and no hydrogen usage. Another important advantage of ODS is oxidizing thiophenic compounds to sulfoxides and sulfones, that can be easily removed by extraction or adsorption process. The effect of surface – active agents, time, temperature, the ratio of oxidant and catalyst and the power of ultrasound on the process of oxidative desulfurization of model diesel fuel was researched in this work. Experiments were conducted with hydrogen peroxide as oxidant and acetic acid as catalyst. After the oxidation, the process of extraction with dimethyl formamide was conducted, which proved to be the best solvent. The results indicate that the oxidative desulfurization process can also be improved by using ultrasound irradiation combined with using surface – active agents, at a lower temperature and a shorter time.

• Keywords: desulfurizacija; dibenzotiofen; dizelsko gorivo; oksidacija; ultrazvuk
• Keywords (english): desulfurization; dibenzothiophene; diesel fuel; oxidation; ultrasound
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:115449
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Engineering - Graduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-03-07 11:10:50