Uklanjanje organske tvari iz otpadne vode biorazgradnjom

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Removal of organic matter from wastewater by biodegradation
• Author: Josip Tutić
• Mentor: Marija Vuković Domanovac (mentor)
• Committee member: Marija Vuković Domanovac (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zvjezdana Findrik Blažević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Miroslav Jerković (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-07, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Sve značajnija prisutnost organskih onečišćujućih tvari u okolišu predstavlja jedan od najvećih ekoloških izazova modernog doba. Uporaba organskih tvari u proizvodima poput farmaceutika, kozmetike, pesticida te plastičnih masa uzrok je onečišćenju voda koje predstavlja ozbiljnu opasnost za ekosustave. Sve veći značaj ovog ekološkog problema doveo je do razvoja tehnologija obrade otpadnih voda, što uključuje i proces biološke obrade, odnosno biorazgradnje organskih tvari iz otpadnih voda uz pomoć mikrobnog katabolizma. Temeljni cilj ovakvog postupka obrade otpadnih voda je potpuno ukloniti neku organsku onečišćujuću tvar ili ju uz pomoć metabolizma mikroorganizama pretvoriti u tvari koje nisu toksične. Biorazgradnja organskih tvari se zbog svoje ekonomičnosti i izrazite sigurnosti za okoliš nametnula kao jedan od dominantnih postupaka obrade otpadnih voda i s vremenom njena uporaba biva sve češća. Biorazgradnja se često koristi u obradi voda onečišćenih farmaceutskim proizvodima i njihovim derivatima koji nastaju pod utjecajem okolišnih čimbenika, a mogu biti toksične za ljude i ostale organizme s kojima nerijetko dolaze u izravan kontakt. Neki od najčešće prisutnih organskih ksenobiotika farmaceutskog podrijetla u okolišu su lijekovi protiv bolova poput diklofenaka i paracetamola te lijekovi koji se koriste za liječenje dijabetesa tipa 2 poput metformina. U ovom radu opisana su svojstva navedenih farmaceutika, ekotoksikološki rizici njihove prisutnosti u okolišu te načini na koje se nad istima može provesti postupak biorazgradnje.

Abstract (english)

The increasing presence of organic pollutants in the environment is one of the greatest environmental challenges of today. The use of organic substances in products such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, pesticides, and plastics is the cause of water pollution, which poses a serious threat to ecosystems. The increasing importance of this ecological problem has led to the development of wastewater treatment technologies, which include the process of biological treatment, i.e. the biodegradation of organic substances from wastewater by microbial catabolism. The main objective of this wastewater treatment process is to completely remove an organic pollutant or convert it into non-toxic substances with the help of the metabolism of microorganisms. Due to its cost-effectiveness and exceptional environmental safety, biodegradation of organic matter has become one of the most important wastewater treatment processes and is being used more and more frequently over time. Biodegradation is often used in the treatment of water contaminated with pharmaceutical products and their derivatives, which are formed by environmental factors and can be toxic to humans and other organisms with which they frequently come into direct contact. The most common organic xenobiotics of pharmaceutical origin found in the environment include painkillers such as diclofenac and paracetamol, and drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes such as metformin. This paper therefore describes their properties, the ecotoxicological risks of their presence in the environment and the possibilities of biodegradation.

• Keywords: biorazgradnja; otpadne vode; diklofenak; paracetamol; metformin
• Keywords (english): biodegradation; wastewater; diclofenac; paracetamol; metformin
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:333351
• Study programme: Title: Applied Chemistry - Undergraduate study; specializations in: Environmental chemistry and green technologies, Advanced materials and technologies, Applied organic chemistry; Course: Environmental chemistry and green technologies; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-09-12 12:46:11