Sinteza i karakterizacija monomera (2,3-dihidrotieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioksin-2-il)metil 2-bromo-2-metilpropanoata

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Synthesis and characterization of (2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxin-2-yl)methyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropanoate monomer
• Author: Katarina Marković
• Mentor: Zvonimir Katančić (mentor)
• Committee member: Zvonimir Katančić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marijana Kraljić Roković (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Irena Škorić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Polimeri, lanci molekula velike molekulske mase, odigrali su ključnu ulogu u razvoju tehnologije i društva. Kao rezultat napretka u istraživanju, sintezi i primjeni, polimeri se koriste široko, od medicine do elektrotehnike. Njihova raznolika svojstva, poput male gustoće, fleksibilnosti i toplinske izolacije, omogućuju prilagodbu različitim potrebama. U moderno doba, fokus se premješta prema vodljivim polimerima koji kombiniraju električnu provodljivost s drugim svojstvima. Daljnja istraživanja su ključna za optimizaciju vodljivih polimera i proširenje njihove primjene, poput nosive elektronike i solarnih ćelija, te za stvaranje inovacija u područjima kao što je elektronička koža. Jedan primjer elektrovodljivog polimera čija se primjena konstantno širi je poli(3,4-etilendioksitiofen) (PEDOT). Prilagodbom svojstava PEDOT-a putem kontroliranih metoda polimerizacije kao što su kemijska oksidacijska polimerizacija ili elektrokemijska polimerizacija, moguće je usmjeriti njegovu upotrebu za specifičnu primjenu. U sklopu ovog rada kemijskom oksidacijskom polimerizacijom sintetiziran je PEDOT-HMBr makroinicijator. Sinteza se sastojala od dva stupnja. U prvom stupnju dobiven je monomer (2,3-dihidrotieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioksin-2-il)metil 2-bromo-2-methilpropanoat (HMBr), a u drugom polimer PEDOT-HMBr makroinicijator. Karakterizacija dobivenog uzorka provedena je infracrvenom spektroskopijom s Fourierovom transformacijom (FTIR), nuklearnom magnetskom rezonancijom (NMR), termogravimetrijskom analizom (TGA) te mjerenjem električne provodnosti. Karakterizacija materijala kroz FTIR, NMR i TGA analize potvrdila je prisutnost karakterističnih skupina, omjer HMBr i EDOT jedinica te toplinsku stabilnost polimera. Električna provodnost dopiranog uzorka značajno je povećana u odnosu na čisti polimer. Unatoč postignutim rezultatima, potrebno je daljnje istraživanje kako bi se poboljšala elektrovodljivost makroinicijatora za šire mogućnosti primjene.

Abstract (english)

Polymers, chains of molecules of high molecular weight, have played a key role in the development of technology and society. As a result of advances in research, synthesis and application, polymers are used widely, from medicine to electrical engineering. Their diverse properties, such as low density, flexibility and thermal insulation, allow adaptation to different needs. In modern times, the focus is shifting towards conductive polymers that combine electrical conductivity with other properties. Further research is essential to optimize conductive polymers and expand their applications, such as wearable electronics and solar cells, and to create innovations in areas such as electronic skin. One example of an electrically conductive polymer whose application is constantly expanding is poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). By tailoring the properties of PEDOT through controlled polymerization methods such as chemical oxidation polymerization or electrochemical polymerization, it is possible to direct its use to a specific application. Within this study, a PEDOT-HMBr macroinitiator was synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization. The synthesis consisted of two stages. In the first stage, the (2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxin-2-yl)methyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropanoate (HMBr) monomer was obtained, and in the second, the PEDOT-HMBr macroinitiator polymer. The obtained sample was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and electrical conductivity measurement. Characterization of the material through FTIR, NMR and TGA analyses confirmed the presence of characteristic groups, the HMBr to EDOT unit ratio and the thermal stability of the polymer. The electrical conductivity of the doped sample was significantly increased compared to the pure polymer. Despite achieved results, further research is required to enhance the macroinitiator's electrical conductivity for broader application possibilities.

• Keywords: elektrovodljivi polimeri; poli(3 4-etilendioksitiofen); kemijska oksidacijska polimerizacija; nosiva elektronika
• Keywords (english): conductive polymers; poly(3 4-ethylenedioxythiophene); chemical oxidative polymerization; wearable electronics
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:424104
• Project: Number: UIP-2019-04-8304; Title: Molekularno krojenje istezljivih i zacijeljivih vodljivih polimera za nosivu elektroniku; Title: Molecular Tailoring of Stretchable and Healable Conductive Polymers for Wearable Electronics; Acronym: SHaPes; Leader: Zvonimir Katančić; Jurisdiction: Croatia; Funder: HRZZ; Funding stream: UIP
• Study programme: Title: Applied Chemistry - Undergraduate study; specializations in: Environmental chemistry and green technologies, Advanced materials and technologies, Applied organic chemistry; Course: Applied organic chemistry; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-09-15 11:00:41