Razgradnja antihelmintika u okolišu: hidroliza i fotoliza

master's thesis

• Title (english): Degradation of anthelmintics in the environment: hydrolysis and photolysis
• Author: Andrea Cvijanović
• Mentor: Sandra Babić (mentor)
• Committee member: Sandra Babić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mirta Čizmić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Irena Škorić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-06-30, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Chemistry; Analytic Chemistry

Abstract

U ovom radu ispitana je hidrolitička i fotolitička razgradnja tri antihelmintika: albendazola, febantela i prazikvantela. Hidrolitička razgradnja navedena tri antihemlintika ispitana je u puferskim otopinama različitih pH-vrijednosti i pri različitim temperaturama. Fotolitička razgradnja farmaceutika ispitana je djelovanjem umjetne Sunčeve svjetlosti u MilliQ vodi, te je ispitan utjecaj aniona (Cl-, NO3-, SO42- i PO43-) u koncentracijama uobičajeno prisutnim u vodama u okolišu. Rezultati ispitivanja hidrolitičke razgradnje pokazali su drugačije ponašanja sva tri farmaceutika. Prazikvantel se pokazao stabilnim na sve tri ispitivane pH-vrijednosti dok je albendazol stabilan pri pH 4 i 7, a febantel nestabilan pri sve tri pH-vrijednosti. Hidrolitička razgradnja albendazola i febantela ovisi i o temperaturi, te je ona proporcionalna temperaturi. Pri višoj temperaturi hidrolitička razgradnja je brža. U svim ispitivanim uvjetima hidrolitička razgradnja slijedi reakciju prvog reda uz koeficijent determinacije veći od 0,96. Za farmaceutike podložne hidrolitičkoj razgradnji detektirana su po dva razgradna produkta, međutim potrebna su daljna istraživanja kako bi se odredila njihova točna struktura. Također, ispitana je izravna i neizravna fotolitička razgradnja febantela i prazikvantela pod utjecajem umjetnog Sunčeva zračenja. Dobiveni rezultati pokazali su da fotolitička razgradnja ne predstavlja važan proces razgradnje s obzirom da su se oba farmaceutika pokazala stabilnim.

Abstract (english)

In this work hydrolitytic and photolytic degradation of three anthelmintics: albendazole, febantele and praziquantel were investigated. The hydrolytic degradation of the three antihelmintics was examined in buffer solutions with different pH-values and at different temperatures. Photolytic degradation of pharmaceuticals was investigated under simulated sunlight in MilliQ water, and also the influence of anorganic ions was examined (Cl-, NO3-, SO42- and PO43-) in concentrations common for environmental water. Results of hydrolytic degradation showed different behaviour of all three pharmaceuticals. Praziquantel was resistant to hydrolitic degradation at all three investigated pH-values while albendazole has shown to be stable at pH 4 and 7, and febantel was unstable at all three pH-values. The hydrolytic degradation of albendazole and febantel depends on temperature, and it is proportional to temperature. Hydrolytic degradation is faster at higher temperatures. In all cases hydrolytical degradation of albendazole and febantel followed first-order kinetics with the coefficient of determination > 0.96. Two degradation products were identified for hydroliticaly instabile pharmaceuticals; however, further investigation is needed to determine their exact structures. Also, direct and indirect photolytic degradation of febantel and praziquantel under simulated sunlight irradiation was investigated. It has been demonstrated that photolytic degradation is not an important degradation process since both investigated pharmaceuticals were stable.

• Keywords: farmaceutici; antihelmintici; hidrolitička razgradnja; fotolitička razgradnja; kinetika razgradnje; razgradni produkti; HPLC-MS/MS
• Keywords (english): pharmaceuticals; anthelmintics; hydrolytic degradation; photolytic degradation; degradation products; degradation kinetics; HPLC-MS/MS
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:780444
• Study programme: Title: Materials Science and Engineering - Graduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-04-14 11:37:59