Pregled adsorbenata dobivenih od agroindustrijskog otpada za pročišćavanje vode i otpadnih voda

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): A review on agro-industrial waste (AIW) derived adsorbents for water and wastewater treatment
• Author: Ivona Bešlić
• Mentor: Lidija Furač (mentor)
• Committee member: Lidija Furač (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Matija Cvetnić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Martina Miloloža (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-09, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Razvoj industrije ima ozbiljan utjecaj na okoliš i vodene resurse zbog uporabe raznih anorganskih i organskih onečišćujućih tvari. Boje i toksični metali koriste se u mnogim industrijskim granama te su prisutni u otpadnim vodama. Jedna od najčešće korištenih metoda za pročišćavanje otpadnih voda je adsorpcija koja je jednostavna, ekonomski pouzdana i proizvodi male količine otpada. Visoka cijena adsorbensa veliki je nedostatak ove metode koji se može smanjiti ukoliko se adsorbens priprema od otpadnih materijala poljoprivredne industrije. Agroindustrijski otpad odnosi se na nusproizvode koji nastaju tijekom industrijske prerade poljoprivrednih sirovina, dakle odnosi se na ostatke nakon obrade biljaka i životinja u industrijske proizvode. Sav biljni otpad sastoji se od hemiceluloze, celuloze i lignina te ima širok raspon funkcionalnih skupina koje reagiraju sa onečišćujućim tvarima različitim mehanizmima. Taj se otpad najčešće modificira kako bi se povećala njegova učinkovitost kao adsorbensa. Metodom cijepljenja uvode se dodatne funkcionalne skupine na površinu adsorbensa, a procesom karbonizacije povećava se sadržaj ugljika čime se djeluje na veličinu pora. Najčešće metode aktivacije kojima se modificiraju adsorbensi su modifikacije kiselinama, bazama, ultrazvukom, mikrovalnim zračenjem i magnetom. U ovom će radu biti dan pregled adsorbensa dobivenih od agroindustrijskog otpada, načini na koji su modificirani te na koji se način zbrinjavaju nakon procesa adsorpcije.

Abstract (english)

The development of industry has a significant impact on the environment and water resources due to the use of various inorganic and organic pollutants. Dyes and toxic metals are used in many industrial sectors and are present in wastewater. One of the most commonly used methods for wastewater treatment is adsorption, which is simple, economically reliable, and produces small amounts of waste. The high cost of adsorbents is a major drawback of this method, which can be reduced if the adsorbent is prepared from agricultural industry waste. Agro-industrial waste refers to by-products generated during the industrial processing of agricultural raw materials, including residues from the processing of plants and animals into industrial products. All plant waste consists of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin and has a wide range of functional groups that react with pollutants through various mechanisms. This waste is often modified to increase its efficiency as an adsorbent. The grafting method introduces additional functional groups on the adsorbent's surface, while the carbonization process increases the carbon content, affecting pore size. The most common activation methods used to modify adsorbents include modifications with acids, bases, ultrasound, microwave radiation, and magnets. This paper will provide an overview of adsorbents derived from agro-industrial waste, the ways in which they have been modified, and how they are disposed of after the adsorption process.

• Keywords: obrada otpadne vode; adsorpcija; adsorbens; agroindustrijski otpad; metode modifikacije
• Keywords (english): wastewater treatment; adsorption; adsorbents; agro-industrial waste; modification methods
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:120431
• Study programme: Title: Chemical Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-11-12 08:23:00