Voltametrijsko određivanje azitromicina na ispisanim elektrodama

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Voltammetric determination of azithromycin on printed electrodes
• Author: Karla Aleksić
• Mentor: Petar Kassal (mentor)
• Committee member: Petar Kassal (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Šime Ukić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ernest Meštrović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-16, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Chemistry

Abstract

Azitromicin je antibiotik koji se svrstava u podskupinu azalida te je vrlo zastupljen u medicini pri tretiranju brojnih infekcija. Njegovo određivanje predstavlja važnu ulogu kod određivanja kakvoće otpadnih voda te voda za piće. U brojnim metodama detekcije se posebno ističu elektrokemijske metode i to ciklička voltametrija (CV), diferencijalna pulsna voltametrija (DPV) te kronoamperometrija. Modificiranjem senzora koji se koriste kod ovih metoda dolazi se do poboljšanja karakteristika kao što su specifična površina, brzina prijenosa elektrona te selektivnost što za posljedicu ima uspješnije određivanje azitromicina u uzorcima. U novije vrijeme se često koriste tiskani elektrokemijski senzori, a kao metode obrade termalna i obrada intenzivnom pulsirajućom svjetlosti (IPL). U radu je provedena elektrokemijska i analitička karakterizacija komercijalnih sitotiskanih grafenskih i ugljičnih te inkjet ispisanih grafenskih senzora koji su obrađeni termalno i IPL-om. Analizom cikličkih voltamograma određeni su kinetički parametri, dok su pomoću DPV-ova određeni baždarni pravci za pojedine elektrode te je za inkjet ispisani senzor obrađen IPL-om provedeno i kronoamperometrijsko mjerenje. DPV-om je ispitana i selektivnost IPL obrađenog senzora. Rezultati su pokazali kako grafenski SPE ima najveću konstantu brzine izmjene elektron (0,1261 cm/s), a nakon njega slijedi IPL IPE (0,0377 cm/s). Najveću akivnu površinu je imao termalno obrađeni IPE te ona iznosi 0,088 cm². Dobru osjetljivost su pokazali ugljični SPE (analiza DPV-om) i IPL IPE (analiza DPV-om i kronoamperometrijski u protoku). Ispitivanje specifičnosti koristeći DPV za IPL IPE pokazalo je kako mokraćna i askorbinska kiselina utječu na promjenu odziva.

Abstract (english)

Azithromycin is an antibiotic that belongs to the subclass of azalides and is widely used in medicine to treat numerous infections. Its determination plays a very important role in assessing the quality of wastewater and drinking water. Electrochemical methods, particularly cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and chronoamperometry, are highlighted in many detection methods. By modifying the sensors used in these methods, improvements in characteristics such as specific surface area, electron transfer rate, and selectivity are achieved, resulting in more successful determination of azithromycin in samples. Recently, printed electrochemical sensors have been commonly used, along with thermal and intense pulsed light (IPL) processing methods. In this study, electrochemical and analytical characterization of commercial screen-printed graphene and carbon sensors, as well as inkjet-printed graphene sensors that were thermally and IPL treated, was carried out. Kinetic parameters were determined by analyzing cyclic voltammograms, while calibration curves for individual electrodes were determined using DPV, and chronoamperometric measurement was performed for the IPL-treated inkjet-printed sensor. DPV was also used to test the selectivity of the IPL-treated sensor. The results showed that the graphene SPE had the highest electron exchange rate constant (0.1261 cm/s), followed by IPL IPE
(0.0377 cm/s). The largest active surface area was observed in the thermally treated IPE, totalling to 0.088 cm². Good sensitivity was demonstrated by carbon SPE (DPV analysis) and IPL IPE (DPV analysis and chronoamperometric flow analysis). The specificity testing using DPV for IPL IPE showed that uric and ascorbic acid influenced the sensor's response.

• Keywords: elektrokemijski senzori; inkjet ispis; intenzivna pulsirajuća svjetlost; azitromicin
• Keywords (english): electrochemical sensors; inkjet printing; intense pulsed light; azithromycin
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:849595
• Project: Number: UIP-2020-02-9139; Title: Fotonsko sinteriranje inkjet ispisanih elektrokemijskih senzora i biosenzora na plastičnim podlogama; Title: Photonic sintering for inkjet printed electrochemical sensors and biosensors on plastic substrates; Acronym: PrintEChemSens; Leader: Petar Kassal; Jurisdiction: Croatia; Funder: Hrvatska zaklada za znanost; Funding stream: Installation Research Projects
• Study programme: Title: Chemical Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-11-15 12:16:44