Uklanjanje pesticida s NF membranama iz modelnih voda

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Retention of pesticides with NF membranes from model waters
• Author: Matea Šibalić
• Mentor: Davor Dolar (mentor)
• Committee member: Davor Dolar (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mirta Čizmić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lidija Furač (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-07-06, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering; Mechanical, Thermal and Separation Processes

Abstract

Pesticidi imaju važnu ulogu u zaštiti bilja od različitih nametnika i bolesti. Nažalost, štetočine vrlo brzo stvaraju otpornost na iste, što dovodi do upotrebe sve otrovnijih pesticida, a time i većeg onečišćenja okoliša, posebice vode. S obzirom na kruženje tvari u prirodi i sudionike hranidbenog lanca, pesticidi predstavljaju veliku opasnost posebice za čovjeka, ali i ostatak biljnog i životinjskog svijeta. Iz tog razloga važno je ukloniti ih iz okoliša, a među učinkovite metode njihovog uklanjanja ubrajamo reverznu osmozu (RO) i nanofiltraciju (NF). U ovom radu ispitivana je učinkovitost uklanjanja pesticida (tiametoksam, imidakloprid, klotianidin, acetamiprid, tiakloprid, trialat, oksadiazon) s popisa za tvari koje je potrebno pratiti diljem Europske unije (Direktiva 2008/105/EZ) iz modelnih voda RO/NF membranama. Ispitivano je šest NF (DK, HL, KH, DL, NF90, NF270) membrana. Ispitivane su vrijednosti fluksa i faktora zadržavanja pesticida. Učinkovitost uklanjanja pesticida ovisila je o veličini pora membrane, o interakcijama između pesticida i membrane, te fizikalno-kemijskim karakteristikama pesticida. Iz dobivenih rezultata vidljivo je kako rahle nanofiltracijske membrane DK, HL, DL i NF270 imaju najveće flukseve, a time i najmanje faktore zadržavanja. DK membrana je pokazala nešto manji fluks u odnosu na ostale rahle membrane, a razlog tome je relativno mali efektivni broj pora. NF90 membrana se, iako guste strukture, pokazala dobrom na veliki fluks. Zajedno s KH membranom, NF90 je pokazala visoke faktore zadržavanja i opravdala svoju gustu strukturu.

Abstract (english)

Pesticides have an important role in protecting plants from various parasites and diseases. Unfortunately, parasites are very quick to produce resistance to the same, which leads to the use of more toxic pesticides, and thereby the greater environmental pollution, especially water. Considering the circulation of substances in nature and food chain participants, pesticides pose a great danger to humans and the rest of the plant and animal world. It is important to remove them from the environment, and among the effective methods of their removal we include reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF). In this work the efficacy and mechanism of removal of selected pesticides (thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, clotianidine, acetamiprid, thiacloprid, trialate, oxadiazone) from Watch list of substances for European union wide monitoring (Directive 2008/105/EC) from model waters with RO/NF membranes were investigated. Six NF (DK, HL, KH, DL, NF90, NF270) membranes were tested. The flux and pesticide retention were investigated. The effectiveness of removing pesticides depended on the pore size of the membrane, the interactions between pesticides and membranes, and the physicochemical characteristics of pesticides. From obtained results, it can be seen that the slight nanofiltration membranes DK, HL, DL and NF270 have the highest fluxes, and therefore the least retention factors. The DK membrane has shown a slightly smaller flux compared to the other slight membranes, and the reason is relatively low effective number of pores. The NF90 membrane, though dense in structure, proved to be good at large flux. Together with the KH membrane, the NF90 showed high retention factors and justified its dense structure.

• Keywords: reverzna osmoza; nanofiltracija; pesticidi; uklanjanje
• Keywords (english): reverse osmosis; nanofiltration; pesticides; retention
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:751281
• Study programme: Title: Applied Chemistry - Undergraduate study; specializations in: Environmental chemistry and green technologies, Advanced materials and technologies, Applied organic chemistry; Course: Applied organic chemistry; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-06-23 10:40:29