Pročišćavanje piro ulja iz otpadnih guma

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Purification of pyrolysis oil from waste tyres
• Author: Valentina Kamenar
• Mentor: Aleksandra Sander (mentor)
• Committee member: Aleksandra Sander (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Krunoslav Žižek (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Juraj Šipušić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-09-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering; Mechanical, Thermal and Separation Processes

Abstract

Ekstrakcija je toplinski separacijski proces koji se koristi u raznim industrijskim granama zbog blagih uvjeta provedbe procesa. U većini slučajeva koriste se organska otapala koja često predstavljaju ekološki problem, zbog čega se kontinuirano radi na razvoju različitih novih, ekološki prihvatljivih otapala. Istraživanja su pokazala da ekološki prihvatljiva niskotemperaturna eutektička otapala mogu biti adekvatna zamjena hlapivim organskim otapalima. Cilj ovog rada bio je pročistiti pirolitičko ulje pomoću niskotemperaturnih eutektičkih otapala. Sirovo pirolitičko ulje, koje se dobiva pirolizom otpadnih guma, sadrži nečistoće i zagađujuće elemente koje je potrebno ukloniti. U tu svrhu, pripremljena su četiri različita eutektička otapala (dva na bazi kolin klorida i dva na bazi kalijeva karbonata) koja su se miješala sa pirolitičkim uljem u različitim omjerima. Tražilo se pogodno otapalo koje bi učinkovito, s minimalnom količinom, pročistilo pirolitičko ulje. To uključuje smanjenje kiselosti, količine vode, sumpora, klora i dušika. Rezultati pokazuju da otapala na bazi kolin klorida nisu pogodna za pročišćavanje pirolitičkog ulja. S druge strane, otapala na bazi kalijeva karbonata, pokazala su se vrlo uspješnima. Ova eutektička otapala pokazala su veliku efikasnost u snižavanju zagađujućih elemenata, osim u snižavanju sumpora čija je količina ostajala ista. Sa ekonomskog i ekološkog gledišta, DES4 u omjeru 0,1:1 prema pirolitičkom ulju pokazao se najboljim i najisplativijim. Razlog tome je korištenje vrlo male količine otapala za uspješno pročišćavanje pirolitičkog ulja.

Abstract (english)

Extraction is a thermal separation process which is used in various industries due to its mild process conditions. The most commonly used solvents are volatile organic solvents, which often represent an environmental problem. In order to make the process environmentally friendly, many investigations are devoted to the development of new solvents. Studies have shown that environmentally acceptable deep eutectic solvents can be an adequate replacement for volatile organic solvents. The goal of this work was to purify pyrolysis oil using deep eutectic solvents. Crude pyrolysis oil, obtained by the pyrolysis of waste tires, contains impurities and polluting elements that need to be removed. For this purpose, four different eutectic solvents (two choline chloride based and two potassium carbonate based solvents) were prepared which were mixed with pyrolytic oil in various ratios. A suitable solvent was required to efficiently, with a minimum amount, purify the pyrolysis oil. This includes reducing acidity, amount of water, sulfur, chlorine and nitrogen. The results show that choline chloride based solvents are not suitable for purification of pyrolysis oil. On the other hand, potassium carbonate based solvents proved to be very successful. These eutectic solvents have shown great efficiency in reducing polluting elements, except in reducing sulfur whose amount has remained the same. From an economic and ecological point of view, DES4 in a ratio of 0.1:1 to pyrolytic oil proved to be the best and most cost-effective. The reason for this is the use of very small amounts of solvent for the successful purification of pyrolysis oil.

• Keywords: ekstrakcija; niskotemperaturna eutektička otapala; pirolitičko ulje
• Keywords (english): extraction; deep eutectic solvents; pyrolysis oil
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:569101
• Study programme: Title: Materials Science and Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-05-09 11:28:04