Predobrada sirovine za sintezu biodizela kolonskom ekstrakcijom

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Pretreatment of feedstocks for biodiesel synthesis by column extraction
• Author: Antonija Bikić
• Mentor: Aleksandra Sander (mentor)
• Committee member: Aleksandra Sander (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasna Prlić Kardum (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marijana Kraljić Roković (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-07-02, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Biodizel se dobiva reakcijom transesterifikacije triglicerida, najčešće iz svježih i otpadnih biljnih ulja te životinjskih masti. Predmet istraživanja ovog rada je otpadno jestivo ulje odnosno njegova predobrada s ciljem smanjenja sadržaja slobodnih masnih kiselina koje su u ulju prisutne kao posljedica njegove termičke obrade. Sirovina mora sadržavati manje od 1% slobodnih masnih kiselina da bi bila pogodna za bazično kataliziranu transesterifikaciju, u suprotnom može doći do saponifikacije te smanjene konverzije triglicerida u alkilne estere masnih kiselina. Početnoj sirovini izmjerena je gustoća, površinska napetost te međupovršinska napetost između sirovine i otapala korištenog za pročišćavanje. Sirovina je nakon toga pročišćena kolonskom ekstrakcijom u Karrovoj koloni pomoću eutektičkog otapala na bazi kalijeva karbonata. Uzorci ulja su nakon izlaska iz kolone centrifugirani kako bi se osigurala potpuna separacija ulja i otapala te im je titracijom određen kiselinski broj. Praćeni su utjecaji hidrodinamičkih uvjeta te masenog omjera ulja i otapala na efikasnost ekstrakcije.

Abstract (english)

Biodiesel is produced by transesterification of triglycerides with alcohol, most commonly from fresh and waste edible oils and animal fats. The research topic of this work is waste edible oil and its pretreatment with the purpose of reducing the content of free fatty acids. During heat treatment, such as cooking, the acidity of the oil often increases. Feedstock for base-catalyzed transesterification must contain less than 1% of free fatty acids to avoid saponification and to assure good conversion of triglycerides to fatty acid alkyl esters. The feedstock was characterized by measuring its density, surface tension and interfacial tension between the oil and the solvent used for purification. It was then purified via continuous extraction in a Karr extraction column with a potassium carbonate-based deep eutectic solvent. After leaving the column, the oil samples were centrifuged to completely separate the solvent from the oil and the content of free fatty acids was determined by titration. The influences of hydrodynamic conditions and mass ratio of solvent to oil on extraction efficiency were investigated.

• Keywords: biodizel; ekstrakcija; eutektička otapala; otpadno jestivo ulje; pročišćavanje
• Keywords (english): biodiesel; extraction; eutectic solvents; waste edible oil; purification
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:555180
• Project: Number: KK.01.1.1.04.0070; Title: Razvoj sustava za ispitivanje višefaznih strujanja i izgaranja s ciljem povećanja istraživačkih aktivnosti znanstvenog i poslovnog sektora; Acronym: RESIN; Leader: Milan Vujanović; Jurisdiction: Croatia; Funder: MRRFEU; Funding stream: Nema
• Study programme: Title: Applied Chemistry - Undergraduate study; specializations in: Environmental chemistry and green technologies, Advanced materials and technologies, Applied organic chemistry; Course: Environmental chemistry and green technologies; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-03-23 09:35:46