Dosadašnja istraživanja na području AOP razgradnje antivirotika

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Researches in the field of AOP degradation of antiviral substances
• Author: Vittorio Coen
• Mentor: Šime Ukić (mentor)
• Committee member: Šime Ukić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Matija Cvetnić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dajana Kučić Grgić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-18, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Interdisciplinary Technical Sciences

Abstract

Antivirotici su farmaceutici koji se koriste za borbu protiv virusnih oboljenja. Za razliku od cjepiva koja se koriste preventivno za istu svrhu, antivirotici se primjenjuju nakon što je virus već ušao u organizam. Nažalost, antivirotici, kao i ostali farmaceutici, uslijed korištenja djelom završavaju u okolišu gdje mogu uzrokovati neželjene efekte. Antivirotici su po sastavu organske molekule koje često sadržavaju aromatske prstene što ih čini slabo reaktivnima i otpornima na konvencionalne načine obrade otpadnih voda. Jedan od mogućih načina uklanjanja antivirotika su napredni oksidacijski procesi (engl. advanced oxidation process; AOP). AOP-i podrazumijevaju skup procesa koji su integralni dio kemijske obrade najčešće organskih, a ponekad i anorganskih tvari u vodama i otpadnim vodama uz pomoć radikala koji se ponašaju kao jaka oksidacijska sredstva i pretvaraju organsku tvar u CO2, H2O i netoksične spojeve. Radikali se najčešće stvaraju uz primjenu neke vrste katalizatora. Najčešće se primjenjuju fotokemijski, elektrokemijski i sonokemijski procesi ili neka od njihovih kombinacija. AOP-i su u zadnjih nekoliko desetljeća zadobili dosta pažnje znanstvene zajednice radi potencijalne primjene u dezinfekciji, dekolorizaciji i deodorizaciji te najbitnije zbog potencijala da prevodi antropogene i teško biorazgradive organske tvari u forme koje su biorazgradive. Međutim, AOP tretmanom mogu nastati i međuprodukti koji su toksičniji od inicijalnih spojeva. Stoga je svaki AOP tretman poželjno detaljno istražiti. Na uspješnost AOP-a utječu razni faktori poput pH vrijednosti medija, koncentracije i načina uvođenja oksidacijskog sredstva u sustav, brzine reakcije nastajanja radikala, te druge varijable specifične za određenu vrstu AOP-a.

Abstract (english)

Antivirals are pharmaceuticals used to fight against viral diseases. Unlike vaccines that are used preventively for the same purpose, antivirals are applied after the virus has already entered the body. Unfortunately, antivirals, like other pharmaceuticals, end up in the environment as a result of their use, where they can cause unwanted effects. Antivirals are composed of organic molecules that often contain aromatic rings, which makes them weakly reactive and resistant to conventional methods of wastewater treatment. One of the possible ways of removing antivirals is advanced oxidation process (AOP). AOPs include a set of processes that are an integral part of the chemical treatment of mostly organic and sometimes inorganic substances in water and wastewater with the help of radicals that act as strong oxidizing agents and convert organic matter into CO2, H2O and nontoxic compounds. Radicals are most often created with the use of some type of catalyst. Photochemical, electrochemical and sonochemical processes or some of their combinations are most often applied. In the last few decades, AOPs have received a lot of attention from the scientific community due to their potential application in disinfection, decolorization and deodorization, and most importantly because of their potential to convert anthropogenic and difficult-tobiodegradable organic substances into biodegradable forms. However, AOP treatment can also produce intermediate products that are more toxic than the initial compounds. Therefore, it is desirable to investigate each AOP treatment in detail. The success of AOP is influenced by various factors, such as the pH value of the medium, the concentration and method of introduction of the oxidizing agent into the system, the speed of the radical reaction, and other variables specific to a certain type of AOP.

• Keywords: antivirotici; onečišćenje okoliša; otpadne vode; napredni oksidacijski procesi
• Keywords (english): antivirals; environment pollution; wastewater; advanced oxidation processes
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:181450
• Study programme: Title: Chemical Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-11-27 12:46:24