Pregled teorijskih i eksperimentalnih spoznaja o topološkim izolatorima

master's thesis

• Title (english): A survey of theoretical and experimental insights about topological insulators
• Author: Juraj Milačić
• Mentor: Vladimir Dananić (mentor)
• Committee member: Vladimir Dananić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vesna Volovšek (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Stanislav Kurajica (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-26, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Physics

Abstract

Unazad nekoliko desetljeća, u fizici kondenzirane materije pojavila su se nova topološka stanja materije koja pokazuju zanimljiva elektronska svojstva. Prema teoriji vrpca, za čiju fundamentalnu pretpostavku uzimamo kvantnu mehaniku elektrona u periodičkom potencijalu, pretpostavljalo se da su svi izolatori jednaki, ali topološka teorija je pokazala da postoji novo egzotično stanje kvantne materije. Topološki izolatori su materijali, tj. kvantno stanje materije, koji se u unutrašnjosti ponašaju kao izolatori, dok na svojim rubovima (2D) odnosno površinama (3D) posjeduju neobična elektronska stanja slična metalima koja mogu voditi električnu struju. Vodljiva površinska stanja su topološki zaštićena simetrijom vremenske inverzije te nisu osjetljiva na male promjene. Iako se ovo područje razvija u dobrom smjeru, još je potreban velik napredak kako došli do spoznaje o svim neobičnim svojstvima ove materije.

Abstract (english)

In recent decades, in condensed matter physics new topological states of matter have emerged that show interesting electronic properties. In the band theory of solids, where quantum mechanics of electrons moving in periodic potential of the ionic lattice is the fundamental assumption, it was assumed that all band insulators are essentially equivalent, but topological theory showed that there exists a new exotic state of quantum matter.Topological insulators are materials, or in another words quantum state of matter, that show insulator behavior in the bulk of material, but on the edges(2D) /surfaces(3D) they have unusual metal-like electron states that can conduct electricity. Conducting surface states are topologicali protected by time-reversal symmetry and are not sensitive to smooth deformations. Even though this field is growing in the right direction, major progress is still needed in order to discover all about these unusual properties of matter.

• Keywords: kondenzirana materija; teorija vrpca; topološki izolatori; površinska stanja; fermioni
• Keywords (english): condensed matter; band theory; topological insulators; surface states; fermions
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:208858
• Study programme: Title: Applied Chemistry - Graduate study; specializations in: Environmental chemistry and green technologies, Advanced materials and technologies, Applied organic chemistry; Course: Advanced materials and technologies; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra primijenjene kemije (magistar/magistra primijenjene kemije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-02-26 10:00:28