Okolišni aspekti primjene nanokompozitnih fotokatalizatora uz simulirano Sunčevo zračenje za uklanjanje farmaceutika iz vode

master's thesis

• Title (english): Environmental aspects of the application of nanocomposite photocatalysts under simulated solar irradiation for the removal of pharmaceuticals from water
• Author: Petra Orehovački
• Mentor: Hrvoje Kušić (mentor)
• Committee member: Hrvoje Kušić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana Lončarić Božić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sandra Babić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2017-07-04, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Interdisciplinary Technical Sciences; Environmental Engineering

Abstract

Farmaceutici su spojevi koji se upotrebljavaju za liječenje ili sprječavanje bolesti ljudi i životinja te kao promotori rasta u veterinarskoj medicini. Zbog raširene uporabe nađeni su u ispustima nakon obrade otpadnih voda, površinskim vodama, tlu i vodovodnoj vodi. Jedan od najčešće detektiranih farmaceutskih spojeva u okolišu je diklofenak (DCF), nesteroidni protuupalni lijek, koji se lako bioakumulira u tkivima vodenih organizama. Kako bi se spriječio daljnji štetan utjecaj farmaceutika, pa tako i diklofenaka, potrebno je razvijati nove sustave za obradu, koji su ponekad i kombinacije već postojećih sustava. Kao učinkovito i relativno jednostavno rješenje su napredni oksidacijski procesi koji, često u kombinaciji sa biološkom obradom, mogu u potpunosti razgraditi farmaceutike u vodama. Među njima, heterogena fotokataliza je vrlo obećavajuća metoda, a može se koristiti za razgradnju različitih organskih onečišćivala u vodi i zraku. Cilj ovog rada bilo je istražiti promjene pokazatelja kakvoće vode tijekom fotokatalitičke razgradnje DCF-a uz TiO2-SnS2 fotokatalizator pod simuliranim Sunčevim zračenjem. Heterogeni TiO2-SnS2 fotokatalizator pripremljen je hidrotermalnom metodom, s masenim udjelom SnS2 od 27,6%, s ciljem povećavanja fotokatalitičke aktivnosti i stabilnosti pod Sunčevim zračenjem u odnosu na TiO2. Razgradnja diklofenaka u modelnoj otpadnoj vodi provođena je u različitim vremenskim intervalima kako bi se uspostavilo optimalno vrijeme provođenja reakcije, te postotak uklanjanja i konverzija diklofenaka i adsorbiranih nusprodukata u otopini. Nakon provedene analize, rezultati su pokazali velik doprinos mehanizma adsorpcije kao i oksidativne razgradnje u ukupnoj učinkovitosti primjenjenog solar/TiO2-SnS2/H2O2 procesa sa 89,98% uklonjenog diklofenaka odnosno 64,07% uklonjenog ukupnog organskog ugljika. Ostvarena je 88,55%-tna konverzija DCF-a dok mineralizacija iznosi 34,86%. Solar/TiO2-SnS2/H2O2 proces proveden pri optimalnim uvjetima pokazuje povećanje biorazgradljivosti, ali i smanjenje toksičnosti nakon trajanja procesa od 3,5 sata.

Abstract (english)

Pharmaceuticals are used for the purpose of preventing or treating diseases in humans and animals, as well as growth promoters in veterinary medicine. Due to the widespread use, they are found in discharges after wastewater treatment, in surface waters, soil and tap water. One of the most frequently detected pharmaceutical compounds in the environment is diclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which is easy bioaccumulated in the tissues of aquatic organisms. In order to prevent further adverse effects of pharmaceuticals, including diclofenac, it is necessary to develop new treatment systems, which are sometimes a combination of the existing system. As an effective and relatively simple solution are Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) which, often in combination with biological treatment, can completely degrade pharmaceuticals in water. Among them, heterogeneous photocatalysis is a very promising method, which can be used for degradation of various organic pollutants in water and air. The aim of this paper was to investigate the change of water quality indicator during photocatalytic degradation of DCF with a TiO2-SnS2 photocatalyst under simulated solar irradiation. The heterogeneous photocatalyst was prepared by a hydrothermal method, with a 27.6% weight fraction of SnS2 within the photocatalyst, added with the aim of increasing photocatalytic activity and stability under solar irradiation. Degradation of diclofenac in model wastewater was carried out at various times to establish the optimum time of reaction and the percentage of removal and conversion of diclofenac and adsorbed by-products in solution. After the analysis, the results showed a great contribution of the adsorption mechanism as well as the oxidative degradation in the total efficiency of the applied solar/TiO2-SnS2/H2O2 process with 89.98% of removed diclofenac and 64.07% of removed total organic carbon, respectively. The achieved conversion of DCF was 88.55% while the mineralization amounted to 34.86%. The Solar/TiO2-SnS2/H2O2 process performed under optimal conditions shows increased biodegradability, but also the reduction of toxicity after a 3,5 hour process.

• Keywords: farmaceutici; diklofenak; napredni oksidacijski procesi; Sunčevo zračenje; fotokatalizator TiO2-SnS2
• Keywords (english): pharmaceuticals; diclofenac; advanced oxidation processes; solar irradiation; TiO2-SnS2 photocatalyst
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:684354
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Engineering - Graduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-10-01 12:56:38