Karakterizacija otapala za ekstrakciju

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Solvents extraction characterization
• Author: Ivan Vučić
• Mentor: Jasna Prlić Kardum (mentor)
• Committee member: Jasna Prlić Kardum (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Aleksandra Sander (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dajana Kučić Grgić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-10, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Za uspješnu provedbu procesa ekstrakcije potrebno je naći prikladno otapalo. Posljednjih godina konvencionalna otapala i ionske kapljevine nastoje se zamijeniti niskotemperaturnim eutektičkim otapalima, DES-ovima. Ova otapala su pokazala brojne prednosti u odnosu na ranije korištena, te stoga privlače sve veću pozornost istraživača. Kako bi se navedena otapala mogla koristiti u prikladne svrhe, bitno je odrediti njihova fizikalno-kemijskih svojstva. U teorijskom dijelu ovoga rada opisana su fizikalno-kemijska svojstva niskotemperaturnih eutektičkih otapala, njihova klasifikacija, način pripreme, prednosti te primjena. U eksperimentalnom dijelu provedena je fizikalno-kemijska karakterizacija pet otapala na bazi glicerola u kombinaciji s fruktozom, mliječnom i jabučnom kiselinom. Određene su na sobnoj temperaturi kao funkcija masenog udjela vode vrijednosti pH, viskoznosti, gustoće, polarnosti te je provedena FT-IR analiza. Sva otapala se vladaju kao Newtonovi fluidi, velike su viskoznosti i izrazite kiselosti. Gustoća im se kreće u rasponu od 1.20–1.32 g cm^-3, a polarnost svih otapala je manja od polarnosti vode. Povećanjem udjela vode dolazi do rasta polarnosti i pH vrijednosti, dok viskoznost i gustoća opadaju.

Abstract (english)

For a successful conduction of extraction process it is necessary to find suitable solvent. For the last couple of years, conventional solvents and ionic liquids have been tried to be replaced with deep eutectic solvents, DES. These solvents showed numerous advantages over the ones that were used before, and that is why reasearchers are more and more interested in them. It is important to determine physicochemical properties of solvents so they can be used for appropriate purposes. The theoretical part of this paper describes the physicochemical properties of deep eutectic solvents, their classification, method of preparation, advantages and use. In the experimental part, it was conducted physicochemical characterization of five glycerol-based solvents combined with fructose, lactic and malic acid, and. They were monitored at room temperature as a function of the mass fraction of water, pH value, viscosity, density, polarity and FT-IR analysis was performed. All solvents behave like Newtonian fluids, they are very viscous and extremely acidic. Their density ranges from 1.20–1.32 g cm^-3, and the polarity of all solvents is less than the polarity of water. As the water content increases, the polarity and pH value also increase, while the viscosity and density decrease.

• Keywords: fizikalno-kemijska svojstva; glicerol; niskotemperaturna eutektička otapala
• Keywords (english): deep eutectic solvents; glycerol; physicochemical properties
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:713461
• Study programme: Title: Chemical Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-04-26 12:45:18