Predobrada životinjskih masti u svrhu pripreme za hidroobradu

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Pretreatment of animal fats for the purpose of preparation for hydrotreatment
• Author: Monika Mihaljević
• Mentor: Aleksandra Sander (mentor)
• Committee member: Aleksandra Sander (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marica Ivanković (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jelena Parlov Vuković (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-09, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Proizvodnja biogoriva pokazuje rastući trend diljem svijeta kao rezultat obveza prema smanjenju emisija stakleničkih plinova i povećanju udjela obnovljivih izvora energije. Traže se nova rješenja i razvijaju tehnologije s ciljem dobivanja što kvalitetnijeg te ekološki i ekonomski prihvatljivijeg biogoriva. Predloženi put za proizvodnju biogoriva je hidroobrada masnih kiselina i/ili triglicerida, a kao pogodne sirovine pokazali su se ostatci i otpad biljnog, odnosno životinjskog podrijetla. Međutim, ove sirovine sadržavaju razne komponente koje mogu negativno utjecati, kako na okus, izgled i stabilnost konačnog produkta, tako i na učinak brojnih koraka u procesu obrade. Procesima predobrade, nečistoće se pravovremeno uklanjaju u svrhu dobivanja kvalitetnijih proizvoda uz uštede sredstava i energije. U ovom radu istražena je mogućnost uklanjanja kalcija, kalija, magnezija, natrija, fosfora, bora i željeza iz otpadne životinjske masti procesom adsorpcije, kako bi se dobila sirovina pogodna za hidroobradu. Adsorpcija je provođena pomoću dva adsorbensa na bazi silicijeva dioksida, a na temelju dobivenih rezultata odabrani su najbolji adsorpcijski uvjeti za uklanjanje navedenih elemenata iz otpadne masti.

Abstract (english)

Biofuel production is rapidly expanding worldwide as a result of obligations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase the share of renewable energy sources. New solutions are being sought and technology is being developed to produce high-quality environmentally and economically acceptable biofuels. A proposed pathway for the production of biofuels is through hydroprocessing of fatty acids and/or triglycerides, and residues and waste of vegetable or animal origin have proved to be suitable raw materials. However, these raw materials can contain various components that can adversely affect the taste, appearance and stability of the final product as well as the yield of the numerous steps in the processing. By pretreatment processes, contaminants are removed in a timely manner in order to obtain higher quality products while saving resources and energy. In this work, the removal of calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, borax and iron from waste animal fats by the adsorption process, in order to obtain a feedstock suitable for hydrotreating, was investigated. Adsorption was carried out using two silica-based adsorbents, and based on the obtained results the best adsorption conditions for removal of the aforementioned elements from the waste fat were selected.

• Keywords: adsorpcija; predobrada; pročišćavanje; otpadne životinjske masti
• Keywords (english): adsorption; pretreatment; purification; waste animal fats
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:467723
• Study programme: Title: Applied Chemistry - Undergraduate study; specializations in: Environmental chemistry and green technologies, Advanced materials and technologies, Applied organic chemistry; Course: Advanced materials and technologies; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-05-26 08:35:04