Priprava i karakterizacija PLA biokompozita ojačanih otpadom masline (drvo i lišće)

master's thesis

• Title (english): Preparation and characterization of PLA biocomposites reinforced with olive waste (wood and leaves)
• Author: Toni Alar
• Mentor: Emi Govorčin Bajsić (mentor)
• Committee member: Emi Govorčin Bajsić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ljerka Kratofil Krehula (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasna Prlić Kardum (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-07-14, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

U današnjem svijetu uloga ambalažnog materijala je sve izraženija, a samim time predstavlja svojevrstan problem uzimajući u obzir kako nepravilno skladištenje ambalažnog materijala u okolišu dovodi do ekoloških katastrofa koje posljedično utječu i na ljudski život. Najveći problem predstavlja ambalažni materijal proizveden na bazi fosilnih goriva. Upravo je to razlog razvitka biorazgradivih polimernih materijala koji bi se proizvodili iz obnovljivih izvora te nakon njihove upotrebe razgrađivali pod utjecajem bakterija i mikroorganizama. Izvrsna alternativa polimerima dobivenim iz nafte je biopolimer na bazi polilaktidne kiseline (PLA) koji se uglavnom koristi kao ambalaža. Međutim, PLA karakterizira visoka krtost, malo istezanje pri lomu što ograničava njegovu široku primjenu. Miješanje s fleksibilnim plastifikatorima, kao što su poli-(etilen oksid) (PEO), polietilen glikol (PEG), trietil citrat (TEC), tributil citrat (TBC), acetil-tributil citrat (TBAC), jedan je od najboljih načina za omekšivanje PLA. Cilj ovog rada je razvoj „zelenog“ polimernog materijala, odnosno biokompozitnog materijala od PLA/otpad masline koji bi se mogao primjenjivati kao ambalažni materijal. Ispitivanja su provedena na dvije skupine biokompozita bez i s i plastifikatorom. Toplinska svojstva ispitana su primjenom diferencijalne pretražne kalorimetrije (DSC), informacije o kemijskom sastavu i strukturi uzorka dobivene su FTIR-ATR spektroskopijom, mehanička ispitivanja provedena primjenom rasteznog ispitivanja. Dobiveni FTIR, DSC rezultati kao i dobivena mehanička svojstva pokazuju da se trietil citrat (TEC) pokazao kao dobar plastifikator za PLA/MAS biokompozite, povećao je fleksibilnost i smanjio krtost biokompozita što je dobro za primjenu ovih biokompozita kao ambalažnih materijala.

Abstract (english)

In today's world, the role of packaging material is increasingly pronounced, and at the same time it represents a kind of a problem, considering how improper storage of packaging material in the environment can lead to environmental disasters that consequently affect human life. The biggest problem is packaging material produced based on fossil fuels. This is exactly the reason for the development of biodegradable polymer materials that would be produced from renewable sources and after their use they could easily be degraded under the influence of bacteria and microorganisms. An excellent alternative to petroleum-derived polymers is the polylactic acid (PLA) biopolymer, mostly used in the packaging industry. However, PLA exhibits high brittleness and low elongationat break that limit the wide application. Blending with flexible plasticizers such as poly- (ethylene oxide) (PEO), polyethylene glycol (PEG), triethyl citrate (TEC), tributyl citrate (TBC), acetyl-tributyl citrate (TBAC), is one of the best ways to toughen PLA.). The aim of this work is the development of a "green" polymer material, respectively a biocomposite material from PLA/olive waste that could be used as a packaging material. The investigations were conducted on two groups of biocomposites without and with plasticizer. Thermal properties were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), information on the chemical composition and structure of the biocomposite was obtained by FTIR-ATR spectroscopy, mechanical properties were performed using tensile tests. The obtained FTIR, DSC results as well as mechanical properties show that triethyl citrate (TEC) can be a good plasticizer for PLA/OLIV biocomposites, it increased the flexibility and reduced the brittleness of biocomposites, which is good for the application of these biocomposites as packaging materials.

• Keywords: ambalažni materijal; biokompozit; PLA; maslina
• Keywords (english): packaging material; biocomposite; PLA; olive
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:876631
• Study programme: Title: Materials Science and Engineering - Graduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka kemijskog inženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-07-27 12:54:24