Ispitivanje utjecaja karakteristika bioreaktora na proces kompostiranja biootpada

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Investigation of the influence of bioreactor properties on the composting process of biowaste
• Author: Adriana Mrazović
• Mentor: Dajana Kučić Grgić (mentor)
• Committee member: Dajana Kučić Grgić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lidija Furač (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Martina Miloloža (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-07-01, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Chemical Engineering

Abstract

U ovome radu, provedena su dva pokusa (P1 i P2) kompostiranja u dva reaktora (R1 i R2) različitih karakteristika, radnih volumena, Vr = 10 L. Cilj ovih pokusa bio je odrediti utječu li karakteristike reaktora na proces kompostiranja kao i sastav biootpada. Pokus P1 provodio se 16 dana, a sastav biootpada nije bio definiran, dok u pokusu P2 sastav biootpada je bio definiran i provodio se 14 dana. U određenim vremenskim periodima, ovisno o temperaturi, izuzimao se uzorak supstrata i određivani su fizikalno-kemijski pokazatelji (pH-vrijednost uzorka, koncentracija otopljenog kisika, električna provodnost, sadržaj vlage, hlapive i suhe tvari u uzorku) i mikrobiološki pokazatelji (ukupan broj živih bakterija i gljiva). Po završetku pokusa, u priređenim eluatima supstrata te uzorcima procjedne vode provedena je i analiza ukupnog organskog ugljika, TOC (eng. Total organic carbon) te test ekotoksičnosti pomoću morske bakterije Vibrio fischeri. Maksimalna postignuta temperatura u P1 bila je 33,4 ℃ u R1 i 36,1 ℃ u R2, dok je u P2 postignuta maksimalna temperatura od 43,3 ℃ u R1 i 44,7 ℃ u R2. pH-vrijednost supstrata u P1 porasla je s 5,13 na 7,79 u R1 i na 7,84 u R2, a tijekom drugog pokusa sa 6,11 na 8,58 u R1 i na 8,45 u R2. Rezultati testa ekotoksičnosti pokazali su da su eluati supstrata i procjedne vode u oba pokusa toksični. U pokusu P1 postignuta je konverzija od 24,99 % u R1 i 23,76 % u R2, a u P2 37,19 % u R1 i 56,92 % u R2.

Abstract (english)

In this paper, two experiments (P1 and P2) of composting were carried out in two reactors (R1 and R2) with different characteristics and working volume of Vr = 10 L. The aim of these experiments was to determine whether the reactor characteristics affect the composting process as well as the composition of biowaste. Experiment P1 was conducted for 16 days, and the composition of biowaste was not defined, while in experiment P2, the composition of biowaste was defined and experiment was conducted for 14 days. In certain periods, depending on the temperature, a sample of the substrate was taken and physicochemical indicators (pH-value of the sample, concentration of dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, moisture content, volatile and dry substances in the sample) and microbiological indicators (total number of living bacteria and fungi) were determined. At the end of the experiment, an analysis of total organic carbon, TOC and ecotoxicity test using the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri were performed on substrate samples and leachate samples. The maximum temperature achieved in P1 was 33,4 ℃ in R1 and 36,1 ℃ in R2, while in P2 the maximum temperature achieved was 43,3 ℃ in R1 and 44,7 ℃ in R2. During experiment P1, the pH value of the substrate increased from 5,13 to 7,79 in R1 and 7,84 in R2, and during experiment P2 from 6,11 to 8,58 in R1 and 8,45 in R2. The results of the ecotoxicity test showed that the substrate eluates and leachate were toxic in both experiments. A conversion of 24,99 % in R1 and 23,76 % in R2 of the experiment P1 and 37,19 % in R1 and 56,92 % in R2 of the experiment P2 was achieved.

• Keywords: kompostiranje; biootpad; bioreaktor
• Keywords (english): composting; biowaste; bioreactor
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:852542
• Project: Number: KK.01.2.1.02.0314; Title: Razvoj inovativnih sustava upotrebe geotermalnih izvora energije i energije iz biološkog otpada; Title: Development of innovative systems for the use of geothermal energy sources and energy from biological waste; Acronym: RazInoGeoBio; Leader: Ana Pilipović; Jurisdiction: eu; Funder: Europska komisija; Funding stream: European Regional Development Fund
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Engineering - Undergraduate study; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-07-03 12:00:52