Određivanje kemoterapeutika u sedimentu

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Determination of chemotherapeutic agents in sediment
• Author: Ivana Mađor-Božinović
• Mentor: Danijela Ašperger (mentor)
• Committee member: Danijela Ašperger (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mirta Čizmić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Davor Dolar (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2017-09-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Chemistry; Analytic Chemistry

Abstract

Kemoterapeutici su lijekovi prirodnog ili sintetskog podrijetla i koriste se za sprječavanje i liječenje bolesti kod ljudi i životinja. Zbog povećane potrošnje sve su više prisutni u okolišu, vodama, tlu i sedimentu u nekontroliranim količinama. O njima ne postoji dovoljno podataka da bi se dobio uvid u njihovo ponašanje i utjecaj na okoliš, stoga se smatraju "novim zagađivalima". Farmaceutici ispitivani u ovom radu pripadaju različitim grupama farmaceutika prema djelovanju: antibiotici (cefdinir, nitrofurantoin), antiemetici (metoklopramid), antihelmintici ili antiparazitici (albendazol, febantel, prazikvantel) i kemoterapeutik (hidroksiklorokin). Cilj rada je odrediti optimalne uvjete ekstrakcije sedam farmaceutika metodom mućkanja iz sedimenta. Parametri koji su optimirani su vrsta otapala, utjecaj pH-vrijednosti, masa uzorka te vrijeme ekstrakcije. Ekstrakti su analizirani tekućinskom kromatografijom visoke djelotvornosti s detektorom s nizom dioda (HPLC-DAD). Najbolji rezultati postignuti su sa sustavima otapala metanol:heksan i aceton:metanol iz 0,7 grama uzorka sedimenta. Međutim, ova metoda se ne preporučuje za rutinsku analizu jer iskorištenja analiziranih farmaceutika ne prelaze 50 %.

Abstract (english)

Chemotherapeutic agents are medicines of natural or synthetic origin and they are used for the prevention and treatment of diseases in humans and animals. Due to increased pharmaceutical consumption they are present in the environment, water, soil and sediment in uncontrollable quantities. There is no sufficient data to predict their behavior and the impact on the environment, therefore they are considered as "emerging contaminants". Pharmaceuticals investigated in this study belong to the various groups of pharmaceuticals by their therapeutic effects: antibiotics (nitrofurantoin, cefdinir), antiemetics (metoclopramide), anthelmintics or antiparasitics (albendazole, febantel, praziquantel) and chemotherapeutic agent (hydroxychloroquine). The aim of this study was to optimize the conditions for extraction of seven chemotherapeutic agents simultaneously by agitation from sediment. Parameters that were optimized are type of solvent, influence of the pH value, mass of the sample and time of the extraction. Extracts were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). The best results were obtained with solvent systems methanol:hexane and acetone:methanol with 0,7 grams of the sediment sample. However, this method is not recommended for routine analysis because recoveries of the analyzed pharmaceuticals were not higher than 50 %.

• Keywords: kemoterapeutici; sediment; ekstrakcija mućkanjem; tekućinska kromatografija visoke djelotvornosti s detektorom s nizom dioda (HPLC–DAD)
• Keywords (english): chemotherapeutic agents; sediment; extraction by agitation; high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD)
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:149:312133
• Study programme: Title: Applied Chemistry - Undergraduate study; specializations in: Environmental chemistry and green technologies, Advanced materials and technologies, Applied organic chemistry; Course: Environmental chemistry and green technologies; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primijenjene kemije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-03-30 12:25:11